refactor(nodejs-sdk): replace axios with fetch transport (#34325)

2026-04-05 02:19:20 +08:00 · 2026-03-31 16:41:30 +08:00
parent b54a0dc1e4
commit fbd2d31624
41 changed files with 1673 additions and 1118 deletions
--- a/pnpm-lock.yaml
+++ b/pnpm-lock.yaml
@@ -235,8 +235,8 @@ catalogs:
      specifier: 0.5.21
      version: 0.5.21
    '@vitest/coverage-v8':
-      specifier: 4.1.2
-      version: 4.1.2
+      specifier: 4.1.1
+      version: 4.1.1
    abcjs:
      specifier: 6.6.2
      version: 6.6.2
@@ -570,7 +570,6 @@ overrides:
  array.prototype.flatmap: npm:@nolyfill/array.prototype.flatmap@^1.0.44
  array.prototype.tosorted: npm:@nolyfill/array.prototype.tosorted@^1.0.44
  assert: npm:@nolyfill/assert@^1.0.26
-  axios: 1.14.0
  brace-expansion@<2.0.2: 2.0.2
  canvas: ^3.2.2
  devalue@<5.3.2: 5.3.2
@@ -648,10 +647,6 @@ importers:
        version: 0.1.14(@types/node@25.5.0)(esbuild@0.27.2)(happy-dom@20.8.9)(jiti@2.6.1)(sass@1.98.0)(terser@5.46.1)(tsx@4.21.0)(typescript@5.9.3)(vite@8.0.3(@emnapi/core@1.9.1)(@emnapi/runtime@1.9.1)(@types/node@25.5.0)(esbuild@0.27.2)(jiti@2.6.1)(sass@1.98.0)(terser@5.46.1)(tsx@4.21.0)(yaml@2.8.3))(yaml@2.8.3)

  sdks/nodejs-client:
-    dependencies:
-      axios:
-        specifier: 1.14.0
-        version: 1.14.0
    devDependencies:
      '@eslint/js':
        specifier: 'catalog:'
@@ -667,7 +662,7 @@ importers:
        version: 8.57.2(eslint@10.1.0(jiti@2.6.1))(typescript@5.9.3)
      '@vitest/coverage-v8':
        specifier: 'catalog:'
-        version: 4.1.2(@voidzero-dev/vite-plus-test@0.1.14(@types/node@25.5.0)(esbuild@0.27.2)(happy-dom@20.8.9)(jiti@2.6.1)(sass@1.98.0)(terser@5.46.1)(tsx@4.21.0)(typescript@5.9.3)(vite@8.0.3(@emnapi/core@1.9.1)(@emnapi/runtime@1.9.1)(@types/node@25.5.0)(esbuild@0.27.2)(jiti@2.6.1)(sass@1.98.0)(terser@5.46.1)(tsx@4.21.0)(yaml@2.8.3))(yaml@2.8.3))
+        version: 4.1.1(@voidzero-dev/vite-plus-test@0.1.14(@types/node@25.5.0)(esbuild@0.27.2)(happy-dom@20.8.9)(jiti@2.6.1)(sass@1.98.0)(terser@5.46.1)(tsx@4.21.0)(typescript@5.9.3)(vite@8.0.3(@emnapi/core@1.9.1)(@emnapi/runtime@1.9.1)(@types/node@25.5.0)(esbuild@0.27.2)(jiti@2.6.1)(sass@1.98.0)(terser@5.46.1)(tsx@4.21.0)(yaml@2.8.3))(yaml@2.8.3))
      eslint:
        specifier: 'catalog:'
        version: 10.1.0(jiti@2.6.1)
@@ -1124,7 +1119,7 @@ importers:
        version: 0.5.21(@voidzero-dev/vite-plus-core@0.1.14(@types/node@25.5.0)(esbuild@0.27.2)(jiti@1.21.7)(sass@1.98.0)(terser@5.46.1)(tsx@4.21.0)(typescript@5.9.3)(yaml@2.8.3))(react-dom@19.2.4(react@19.2.4))(react-server-dom-webpack@19.2.4(react-dom@19.2.4(react@19.2.4))(react@19.2.4)(webpack@5.105.4(esbuild@0.27.2)(uglify-js@3.19.3)))(react@19.2.4)
      '@vitest/coverage-v8':
        specifier: 'catalog:'
-        version: 4.1.2(@voidzero-dev/vite-plus-test@0.1.14(@types/node@25.5.0)(@voidzero-dev/vite-plus-core@0.1.14(@types/node@25.5.0)(esbuild@0.27.2)(jiti@1.21.7)(sass@1.98.0)(terser@5.46.1)(tsx@4.21.0)(typescript@5.9.3)(yaml@2.8.3))(esbuild@0.27.2)(happy-dom@20.8.9)(jiti@1.21.7)(sass@1.98.0)(terser@5.46.1)(tsx@4.21.0)(typescript@5.9.3)(yaml@2.8.3))
+        version: 4.1.1(@voidzero-dev/vite-plus-test@0.1.14(@types/node@25.5.0)(@voidzero-dev/vite-plus-core@0.1.14(@types/node@25.5.0)(esbuild@0.27.2)(jiti@1.21.7)(sass@1.98.0)(terser@5.46.1)(tsx@4.21.0)(typescript@5.9.3)(yaml@2.8.3))(esbuild@0.27.2)(happy-dom@20.8.9)(jiti@1.21.7)(sass@1.98.0)(terser@5.46.1)(tsx@4.21.0)(typescript@5.9.3)(yaml@2.8.3))
      agentation:
        specifier: 'catalog:'
        version: 3.0.2(react-dom@19.2.4(react@19.2.4))(react@19.2.4)
@@ -2405,10 +2400,6 @@ packages:
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    engines: {node: '>= 8'}

-  '@nolyfill/hasown@1.0.44':
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-    engines: {node: '>=12.4.0'}
-
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    engines: {node: '>=12.4.0'}
@@ -4440,11 +4431,11 @@ packages:
      react-server-dom-webpack:
        optional: true

-  '@vitest/coverage-v8@4.1.2':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-sPK//PHO+kAkScb8XITeB1bf7fsk85Km7+rt4eeuRR3VS1/crD47cmV5wicisJmjNdfeokTZwjMk4Mj2d58Mgg==}
+  '@vitest/coverage-v8@4.1.1':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-nZ4RWwGCoGOQRMmU/Q9wlUY540RVRxJZ9lxFsFfy0QV7Zmo5VVBhB6Sl9Xa0KIp2iIs3zWfPlo9LcY1iqbpzCw==}
    peerDependencies:
-      '@vitest/browser': 4.1.2
-      vitest: 4.1.2
+      '@vitest/browser': 4.1.1
+      vitest: 4.1.1
    peerDependenciesMeta:
      '@vitest/browser':
        optional: true
@@ -4471,8 +4462,8 @@ packages:
  '@vitest/pretty-format@3.2.4':
    resolution: {integrity: sha512-IVNZik8IVRJRTr9fxlitMKeJeXFFFN0JaB9PHPGQ8NKQbGpfjlTx9zO4RefN8gp7eqjNy8nyK3NZmBzOPeIxtA==}

-  '@vitest/pretty-format@4.1.2':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-dwQga8aejqeuB+TvXCMzSQemvV9hNEtDDpgUKDzOmNQayl2OG241PSWeJwKRH3CiC+sESrmoFd49rfnq7T4RnA==}
+  '@vitest/pretty-format@4.1.1':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-GM+TEQN5WhOygr1lp7skeVjdLPqqWMHsfzXrcHAqZJi/lIVh63H0kaRCY8MDhNWikx19zBUK8ceaLB7X5AH9NQ==}

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@@ -4480,8 +4471,8 @@ packages:
  '@vitest/utils@3.2.4':
    resolution: {integrity: sha512-fB2V0JFrQSMsCo9HiSq3Ezpdv4iYaXRG1Sx8edX3MwxfyNn83mKiGzOcH+Fkxt4MHxr3y42fQi1oeAInqgX2QA==}

-  '@vitest/utils@4.1.2':
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-xw2/TiX82lQHA06cgbqRKFb5lCAy3axQ4H4SoUFhUsg+wztiet+co86IAMDtF6Vm1hc7J6j09oh/rgDn+JdKIQ==}
+  '@vitest/utils@4.1.1':
+    resolution: {integrity: sha512-cNxAlaB3sHoCdL6pj6yyUXv9Gry1NHNg0kFTXdvSIZXLHsqKH7chiWOkwJ5s5+d/oMwcoG9T0bKU38JZWKusrQ==}

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@@ -4841,9 +4832,6 @@ packages:
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    resolution: {integrity: sha512-htCUDlxyyCLMgaM3xXg0C0LW2xqfuQ6p05pCEIsXuyQ+a1koYKTuBMzRNwmybfLgvJDMd0r1LTn4+E0Ti6C2AA==}

-  asynckit@0.4.0:
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-
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    engines: {node: ^10 || ^12 || >=14}
@@ -4851,9 +4839,6 @@ packages:
    peerDependencies:
      postcss: ^8.1.0

-  axios@1.14.0:
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-3Y8yrqLSwjuzpXuZ0oIYZ/XGgLwUIBU3uLvbcpb0pidD9ctpShJd43KSlEEkVQg6DS0G9NKyzOvBfUtDKEyHvQ==}
-
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@@ -4951,10 +4936,6 @@ packages:
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    engines: {node: '>=20.19.0'}

-  call-bind-apply-helpers@1.0.2:
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-    engines: {node: '>= 0.4'}
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    engines: {node: '>=6'}
@@ -5126,10 +5107,6 @@ packages:
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-    engines: {node: '>= 0.8'}
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@@ -5464,10 +5441,6 @@ packages:
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-    engines: {node: '>=0.4.0'}
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    engines: {node: '>=6'}
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-  dunder-proto@1.0.1:
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    peerDependencies:
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-    engines: {node: '>=4.0'}
-    peerDependencies:
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-    peerDependenciesMeta:
-      debug:
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-  form-data@4.0.5:
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@@ -6164,9 +6104,6 @@ packages:
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    os: [darwin]

-  function-bind@1.1.2:
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@@ -6249,10 +6178,6 @@ packages:
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@@ -6920,10 +6837,6 @@ packages:
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    hasBin: true

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-
  mdast-util-directive@3.1.0:
    resolution: {integrity: sha512-I3fNFt+DHmpWCYAT7quoM6lHf9wuqtI+oCOfvILnoicNIqjh5E3dEJWiXuYME2gNe8vl1iMQwyUHa7bgFmak6Q==}

@@ -7651,10 +7564,6 @@ packages:
  property-information@7.1.0:
    resolution: {integrity: sha512-TwEZ+X+yCJmYfL7TPUOcvBZ4QfoT5YenQiJuX//0th53DE6w0xxLEtfK3iyryQFddXuvkIk51EEgrJQ0WJkOmQ==}

-  proxy-from-env@2.1.0:
-    resolution: {integrity: sha512-cJ+oHTW1VAEa8cJslgmUZrc+sjRKgAKl3Zyse6+PV38hZe/V6Z14TbCuXcan9F9ghlz4QrFr2c92TNF82UkYHA==}
-    engines: {node: '>=10'}
-
  pump@3.0.4:
    resolution: {integrity: sha512-VS7sjc6KR7e1ukRFhQSY5LM2uBWAUPiOPa/A3mkKmiMwSmRFUITt0xuj+/lesgnCv+dPIEYlkzrcyXgquIHMcA==}

@@ -10497,8 +10406,6 @@ snapshots:
      '@nodelib/fs.scandir': 2.1.5
      fastq: 1.20.1

-  '@nolyfill/hasown@1.0.44': {}
-
  '@nolyfill/is-core-module@1.0.39': {}

  '@nolyfill/safer-buffer@1.0.44': {}
@@ -12354,10 +12261,10 @@ snapshots:
    optionalDependencies:
      react-server-dom-webpack: 19.2.4(react-dom@19.2.4(react@19.2.4))(react@19.2.4)(webpack@5.105.4(esbuild@0.27.2)(uglify-js@3.19.3))

-  '@vitest/coverage-v8@4.1.2(@voidzero-dev/vite-plus-test@0.1.14(@types/node@25.5.0)(@voidzero-dev/vite-plus-core@0.1.14(@types/node@25.5.0)(esbuild@0.27.2)(jiti@1.21.7)(sass@1.98.0)(terser@5.46.1)(tsx@4.21.0)(typescript@5.9.3)(yaml@2.8.3))(esbuild@0.27.2)(happy-dom@20.8.9)(jiti@1.21.7)(sass@1.98.0)(terser@5.46.1)(tsx@4.21.0)(typescript@5.9.3)(yaml@2.8.3))':
+  '@vitest/coverage-v8@4.1.1(@voidzero-dev/vite-plus-test@0.1.14(@types/node@25.5.0)(@voidzero-dev/vite-plus-core@0.1.14(@types/node@25.5.0)(esbuild@0.27.2)(jiti@1.21.7)(sass@1.98.0)(terser@5.46.1)(tsx@4.21.0)(typescript@5.9.3)(yaml@2.8.3))(esbuild@0.27.2)(happy-dom@20.8.9)(jiti@1.21.7)(sass@1.98.0)(terser@5.46.1)(tsx@4.21.0)(typescript@5.9.3)(yaml@2.8.3))':
    dependencies:
      '@bcoe/v8-coverage': 1.0.2
-      '@vitest/utils': 4.1.2
+      '@vitest/utils': 4.1.1
      ast-v8-to-istanbul: 1.0.0
      istanbul-lib-coverage: 3.2.2
      istanbul-lib-report: 3.0.1
@@ -12368,10 +12275,10 @@ snapshots:
      tinyrainbow: 3.1.0
      vitest: '@voidzero-dev/vite-plus-test@0.1.14(@types/node@25.5.0)(@voidzero-dev/vite-plus-core@0.1.14(@types/node@25.5.0)(esbuild@0.27.2)(jiti@1.21.7)(sass@1.98.0)(terser@5.46.1)(tsx@4.21.0)(typescript@5.9.3)(yaml@2.8.3))(esbuild@0.27.2)(happy-dom@20.8.9)(jiti@1.21.7)(sass@1.98.0)(terser@5.46.1)(tsx@4.21.0)(typescript@5.9.3)(yaml@2.8.3)'

-  '@vitest/coverage-v8@4.1.2(@voidzero-dev/vite-plus-test@0.1.14(@types/node@25.5.0)(esbuild@0.27.2)(happy-dom@20.8.9)(jiti@2.6.1)(sass@1.98.0)(terser@5.46.1)(tsx@4.21.0)(typescript@5.9.3)(vite@8.0.3(@emnapi/core@1.9.1)(@emnapi/runtime@1.9.1)(@types/node@25.5.0)(esbuild@0.27.2)(jiti@2.6.1)(sass@1.98.0)(terser@5.46.1)(tsx@4.21.0)(yaml@2.8.3))(yaml@2.8.3))':
+  '@vitest/coverage-v8@4.1.1(@voidzero-dev/vite-plus-test@0.1.14(@types/node@25.5.0)(esbuild@0.27.2)(happy-dom@20.8.9)(jiti@2.6.1)(sass@1.98.0)(terser@5.46.1)(tsx@4.21.0)(typescript@5.9.3)(vite@8.0.3(@emnapi/core@1.9.1)(@emnapi/runtime@1.9.1)(@types/node@25.5.0)(esbuild@0.27.2)(jiti@2.6.1)(sass@1.98.0)(terser@5.46.1)(tsx@4.21.0)(yaml@2.8.3))(yaml@2.8.3))':
    dependencies:
      '@bcoe/v8-coverage': 1.0.2
-      '@vitest/utils': 4.1.2
+      '@vitest/utils': 4.1.1
      ast-v8-to-istanbul: 1.0.0
      istanbul-lib-coverage: 3.2.2
      istanbul-lib-report: 3.0.1
@@ -12406,7 +12313,7 @@ snapshots:
    dependencies:
      tinyrainbow: 2.0.0

-  '@vitest/pretty-format@4.1.2':
+  '@vitest/pretty-format@4.1.1':
    dependencies:
      tinyrainbow: 3.1.0

@@ -12420,9 +12327,9 @@ snapshots:
      loupe: 3.2.1
      tinyrainbow: 2.0.0

-  '@vitest/utils@4.1.2':
+  '@vitest/utils@4.1.1':
    dependencies:
-      '@vitest/pretty-format': 4.1.2
+      '@vitest/pretty-format': 4.1.1
      convert-source-map: 2.0.0
      tinyrainbow: 3.1.0

@@ -12816,8 +12723,6 @@ snapshots:

  async@3.2.6: {}

-  asynckit@0.4.0: {}
-
  autoprefixer@10.4.27(postcss@8.5.8):
    dependencies:
      browserslist: 4.28.1
@@ -12827,14 +12732,6 @@ snapshots:
      postcss: 8.5.8
      postcss-value-parser: 4.2.0

-  axios@1.14.0:
-    dependencies:
-      follow-redirects: 1.15.11
-      form-data: 4.0.5
-      proxy-from-env: 2.1.0
-    transitivePeerDependencies:
-      - debug
-
  bail@2.0.2: {}

  balanced-match@1.0.2: {}
@@ -12914,11 +12811,6 @@ snapshots:

  cac@7.0.0: {}

-  call-bind-apply-helpers@1.0.2:
-    dependencies:
-      es-errors: 1.3.0
-      function-bind: 1.1.2
-
  callsites@3.1.0: {}

  camelcase-css@2.0.1: {}
@@ -13108,10 +13000,6 @@ snapshots:

  colorette@2.0.20: {}

-  combined-stream@1.0.8:
-    dependencies:
-      delayed-stream: 1.0.0
-
  comma-separated-tokens@1.0.8: {}

  comma-separated-tokens@2.0.3: {}
@@ -13441,8 +13329,6 @@ snapshots:
    dependencies:
      robust-predicates: 3.0.3

-  delayed-stream@1.0.0: {}
-
  dequal@2.0.3: {}

  destr@2.0.5: {}
@@ -13499,12 +13385,6 @@ snapshots:

  dotenv@16.6.1: {}

-  dunder-proto@1.0.1:
-    dependencies:
-      call-bind-apply-helpers: 1.0.2
-      es-errors: 1.3.0
-      gopd: 1.2.0
-
  echarts-for-react@3.0.6(echarts@6.0.0)(react@19.2.4):
    dependencies:
      echarts: 6.0.0
@@ -13571,25 +13451,10 @@ snapshots:
    dependencies:
      stackframe: 1.3.4

-  es-define-property@1.0.1: {}
-
-  es-errors@1.3.0: {}
-
  es-module-lexer@1.7.0: {}

  es-module-lexer@2.0.0: {}

-  es-object-atoms@1.1.1:
-    dependencies:
-      es-errors: 1.3.0
-
-  es-set-tostringtag@2.1.0:
-    dependencies:
-      es-errors: 1.3.0
-      get-intrinsic: 1.3.0
-      has-tostringtag: 1.0.2
-      hasown: '@nolyfill/hasown@1.0.44'
-
  es-toolkit@1.45.1: {}

  esast-util-from-estree@2.0.0:
@@ -14344,16 +14209,6 @@ snapshots:

  flatted@3.4.2: {}

-  follow-redirects@1.15.11: {}
-
-  form-data@4.0.5:
-    dependencies:
-      asynckit: 0.4.0
-      combined-stream: 1.0.8
-      es-set-tostringtag: 2.1.0
-      hasown: '@nolyfill/hasown@1.0.44'
-      mime-types: 2.1.35
-
  format@0.2.2: {}

  formatly@0.3.0:
@@ -14380,8 +14235,6 @@ snapshots:
  fsevents@2.3.3:
    optional: true

-  function-bind@1.1.2: {}
-
  functional-red-black-tree@1.0.1: {}

  fzf@0.5.2: {}
@@ -14390,26 +14243,8 @@ snapshots:

  get-east-asian-width@1.5.0: {}

-  get-intrinsic@1.3.0:
-    dependencies:
-      call-bind-apply-helpers: 1.0.2
-      es-define-property: 1.0.1
-      es-errors: 1.3.0
-      es-object-atoms: 1.1.1
-      function-bind: 1.1.2
-      get-proto: 1.0.1
-      gopd: 1.2.0
-      has-symbols: 1.1.0
-      hasown: '@nolyfill/hasown@1.0.44'
-      math-intrinsics: 1.1.0
-
  get-nonce@1.0.1: {}

-  get-proto@1.0.1:
-    dependencies:
-      dunder-proto: 1.0.1
-      es-object-atoms: 1.1.1
-
  get-stream@5.2.0:
    dependencies:
      pump: 3.0.4
@@ -14457,8 +14292,6 @@ snapshots:
    dependencies:
      csstype: 3.2.3

-  gopd@1.2.0: {}
-
  graceful-fs@4.2.11: {}

  hachure-fill@0.5.2: {}
@@ -14481,12 +14314,6 @@ snapshots:

  has-flag@4.0.0: {}

-  has-symbols@1.1.0: {}
-
-  has-tostringtag@1.0.2:
-    dependencies:
-      has-symbols: 1.1.0
-
  hast-util-from-dom@5.0.1:
    dependencies:
      '@types/hast': 3.0.4
@@ -15127,8 +14954,6 @@ snapshots:

  marked@17.0.5: {}

-  math-intrinsics@1.1.0: {}
-
  mdast-util-directive@3.1.0:
    dependencies:
      '@types/mdast': 4.0.4
@@ -16267,8 +16092,6 @@ snapshots:

  property-information@7.1.0: {}

-  proxy-from-env@2.1.0: {}
-
  pump@3.0.4:
    dependencies:
      end-of-stream: 1.4.5
--- a/pnpm-workspace.yaml
+++ b/pnpm-workspace.yaml
@@ -22,7 +22,6 @@ overrides:
  array.prototype.flatmap: npm:@nolyfill/array.prototype.flatmap@^1.0.44
  array.prototype.tosorted: npm:@nolyfill/array.prototype.tosorted@^1.0.44
  assert: npm:@nolyfill/assert@^1.0.26
-  axios: 1.14.0
  brace-expansion@<2.0.2: 2.0.2
  canvas: ^3.2.2
  devalue@<5.3.2: 5.3.2
@@ -147,12 +146,11 @@ catalog:
  "@typescript/native-preview": 7.0.0-dev.20260329.1
  "@vitejs/plugin-react": 6.0.1
  "@vitejs/plugin-rsc": 0.5.21
-  "@vitest/coverage-v8": 4.1.2
+  "@vitest/coverage-v8": 4.1.1
  abcjs: 6.6.2
  agentation: 3.0.2
  ahooks: 3.9.7
  autoprefixer: 10.4.27
-  axios: 1.14.0
  class-variance-authority: 0.7.1
  clsx: 2.1.1
  cmdk: 1.1.1
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/eslint.config.js
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/eslint.config.js
@@ -12,11 +12,11 @@ const typeCheckedRules =

 export default [
  {
-    ignores: ["dist", "node_modules", "scripts", "tests", "**/*.test.*", "**/*.spec.*"],
+    ignores: ["dist", "node_modules", "scripts"],
  },
  js.configs.recommended,
  {
-    files: ["src/**/*.ts"],
+    files: ["src/**/*.ts", "tests/**/*.ts"],
    languageOptions: {
      parser: tsParser,
      ecmaVersion: "latest",
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/package.json
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/package.json
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
  "name": "dify-client",
-  "version": "3.0.0",
+  "version": "3.1.0",
  "description": "This is the Node.js SDK for the Dify.AI API, which allows you to easily integrate Dify.AI into your Node.js applications.",
  "type": "module",
  "main": "./dist/index.js",
@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@
    "node": ">=18.0.0"
  },
  "files": [
-    "dist",
+    "dist/index.js",
+    "dist/index.d.ts",
    "README.md",
    "LICENSE"
  ],
@@ -53,9 +54,6 @@
    "publish:check": "./scripts/publish.sh --dry-run",
    "publish:npm": "./scripts/publish.sh"
  },
-  "dependencies": {
-    "axios": "catalog:"
-  },
  "devDependencies": {
    "@eslint/js": "catalog:",
    "@types/node": "catalog:",
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/client/base.test.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/client/base.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
-import { DifyClient } from "./base";
 import { ValidationError } from "../errors/dify-error";
+import { DifyClient } from "./base";
 import { createHttpClientWithSpies } from "../../tests/test-utils";

 describe("DifyClient base", () => {
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ describe("DifyClient base", () => {
    });
  });

-  it("filePreview uses arraybuffer response", async () => {
+  it("filePreview uses bytes response", async () => {
    const { client, request } = createHttpClientWithSpies();
    const dify = new DifyClient(client);

@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ describe("DifyClient base", () => {
      method: "GET",
      path: "/files/file/preview",
      query: { user: "user", as_attachment: "true" },
-      responseType: "arraybuffer",
+      responseType: "bytes",
    });
  });

@@ -162,11 +162,11 @@ describe("DifyClient base", () => {
        streaming: false,
        voice: "voice",
      },
-      responseType: "arraybuffer",
+      responseType: "bytes",
    });
  });

-  it("textToAudio requires text or message id", async () => {
+  it("textToAudio requires text or message id", () => {
    const { client } = createHttpClientWithSpies();
    const dify = new DifyClient(client);

--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/client/base.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/client/base.ts
@@ -2,14 +2,18 @@ import type {
  BinaryStream,
  DifyClientConfig,
  DifyResponse,
+  JsonObject,
  MessageFeedbackRequest,
  QueryParams,
  RequestMethod,
+  SuccessResponse,
  TextToAudioRequest,
 } from "../types/common";
+import type { HttpRequestBody } from "../http/client";
 import { HttpClient } from "../http/client";
 import { ensureNonEmptyString, ensureRating } from "./validation";
 import { FileUploadError, ValidationError } from "../errors/dify-error";
+import type { SdkFormData } from "../http/form-data";
 import { isFormData } from "../http/form-data";

 const toConfig = (
@@ -25,13 +29,8 @@ const toConfig = (
  return init;
 };

-const appendUserToFormData = (form: unknown, user: string): void => {
-  if (!isFormData(form)) {
-    throw new FileUploadError("FormData is required for file uploads");
-  }
-  if (typeof form.append === "function") {
-    form.append("user", user);
-  }
+const appendUserToFormData = (form: SdkFormData, user: string): void => {
+  form.append("user", user);
 };

 export class DifyClient {
@@ -57,7 +56,7 @@ export class DifyClient {
  sendRequest(
    method: RequestMethod,
    endpoint: string,
-    data: unknown = null,
+    data: HttpRequestBody = null,
    params: QueryParams | null = null,
    stream = false,
    headerParams: Record<string, string> = {}
@@ -72,14 +71,14 @@ export class DifyClient {
    });
  }

-  getRoot(): Promise<DifyResponse<unknown>> {
+  getRoot(): Promise<DifyResponse<JsonObject>> {
    return this.http.request({
      method: "GET",
      path: "/",
    });
  }

-  getApplicationParameters(user?: string): Promise<DifyResponse<unknown>> {
+  getApplicationParameters(user?: string): Promise<DifyResponse<JsonObject>> {
    if (user) {
      ensureNonEmptyString(user, "user");
    }
@@ -90,11 +89,11 @@ export class DifyClient {
    });
  }

-  async getParameters(user?: string): Promise<DifyResponse<unknown>> {
+  async getParameters(user?: string): Promise<DifyResponse<JsonObject>> {
    return this.getApplicationParameters(user);
  }

-  getMeta(user?: string): Promise<DifyResponse<unknown>> {
+  getMeta(user?: string): Promise<DifyResponse<JsonObject>> {
    if (user) {
      ensureNonEmptyString(user, "user");
    }
@@ -107,21 +106,21 @@ export class DifyClient {

  messageFeedback(
    request: MessageFeedbackRequest
-  ): Promise<DifyResponse<Record<string, unknown>>>;
+  ): Promise<DifyResponse<SuccessResponse>>;
  messageFeedback(
    messageId: string,
    rating: "like" | "dislike" | null,
    user: string,
    content?: string
-  ): Promise<DifyResponse<Record<string, unknown>>>;
+  ): Promise<DifyResponse<SuccessResponse>>;
  messageFeedback(
    messageIdOrRequest: string | MessageFeedbackRequest,
    rating?: "like" | "dislike" | null,
    user?: string,
    content?: string
-  ): Promise<DifyResponse<Record<string, unknown>>> {
+  ): Promise<DifyResponse<SuccessResponse>> {
    let messageId: string;
-    const payload: Record<string, unknown> = {};
+    const payload: JsonObject = {};

    if (typeof messageIdOrRequest === "string") {
      messageId = messageIdOrRequest;
@@ -157,7 +156,7 @@ export class DifyClient {
    });
  }

-  getInfo(user?: string): Promise<DifyResponse<unknown>> {
+  getInfo(user?: string): Promise<DifyResponse<JsonObject>> {
    if (user) {
      ensureNonEmptyString(user, "user");
    }
@@ -168,7 +167,7 @@ export class DifyClient {
    });
  }

-  getSite(user?: string): Promise<DifyResponse<unknown>> {
+  getSite(user?: string): Promise<DifyResponse<JsonObject>> {
    if (user) {
      ensureNonEmptyString(user, "user");
    }
@@ -179,7 +178,7 @@ export class DifyClient {
    });
  }

-  fileUpload(form: unknown, user: string): Promise<DifyResponse<unknown>> {
+  fileUpload(form: unknown, user: string): Promise<DifyResponse<JsonObject>> {
    if (!isFormData(form)) {
      throw new FileUploadError("FormData is required for file uploads");
    }
@@ -199,18 +198,18 @@ export class DifyClient {
  ): Promise<DifyResponse<Buffer>> {
    ensureNonEmptyString(fileId, "fileId");
    ensureNonEmptyString(user, "user");
-    return this.http.request<Buffer>({
+    return this.http.request<Buffer, "bytes">({
      method: "GET",
      path: `/files/${fileId}/preview`,
      query: {
        user,
        as_attachment: asAttachment ? "true" : undefined,
      },
-      responseType: "arraybuffer",
+      responseType: "bytes",
    });
  }

-  audioToText(form: unknown, user: string): Promise<DifyResponse<unknown>> {
+  audioToText(form: unknown, user: string): Promise<DifyResponse<JsonObject>> {
    if (!isFormData(form)) {
      throw new FileUploadError("FormData is required for audio uploads");
    }
@@ -274,11 +273,11 @@ export class DifyClient {
      });
    }

-    return this.http.request<Buffer>({
+    return this.http.request<Buffer, "bytes">({
      method: "POST",
      path: "/text-to-audio",
      data: payload,
-      responseType: "arraybuffer",
+      responseType: "bytes",
    });
  }
 }
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/client/chat.test.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/client/chat.test.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
-import { ChatClient } from "./chat";
 import { ValidationError } from "../errors/dify-error";
+import { ChatClient } from "./chat";
 import { createHttpClientWithSpies } from "../../tests/test-utils";

 describe("ChatClient", () => {
@@ -156,13 +156,13 @@ describe("ChatClient", () => {
    });
  });

-  it("requires name when autoGenerate is false", async () => {
+  it("requires name when autoGenerate is false", () => {
    const { client } = createHttpClientWithSpies();
    const chat = new ChatClient(client);

-    expect(() =>
-      chat.renameConversation("conv", "", "user", false)
-    ).toThrow(ValidationError);
+    expect(() => chat.renameConversation("conv", "", "user", false)).toThrow(
+      ValidationError
+    );
  });

  it("deletes conversations", async () => {
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/client/chat.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/client/chat.ts
@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 import { DifyClient } from "./base";
-import type { ChatMessageRequest, ChatMessageResponse } from "../types/chat";
+import type {
+  ChatMessageRequest,
+  ChatMessageResponse,
+  ConversationSortBy,
+} from "../types/chat";
 import type {
  AnnotationCreateRequest,
  AnnotationListOptions,
@@ -9,7 +13,11 @@ import type {
 import type {
  DifyResponse,
  DifyStream,
+  JsonObject,
+  JsonValue,
  QueryParams,
+  SuccessResponse,
+  SuggestedQuestionsResponse,
 } from "../types/common";
 import {
  ensureNonEmptyString,
@@ -22,20 +30,20 @@ export class ChatClient extends DifyClient {
    request: ChatMessageRequest
  ): Promise<DifyResponse<ChatMessageResponse> | DifyStream<ChatMessageResponse>>;
  createChatMessage(
-    inputs: Record<string, unknown>,
+    inputs: JsonObject,
    query: string,
    user: string,
    stream?: boolean,
    conversationId?: string | null,
-    files?: Array<Record<string, unknown>> | null
+    files?: ChatMessageRequest["files"]
  ): Promise<DifyResponse<ChatMessageResponse> | DifyStream<ChatMessageResponse>>;
  createChatMessage(
-    inputOrRequest: ChatMessageRequest | Record<string, unknown>,
+    inputOrRequest: ChatMessageRequest | JsonObject,
    query?: string,
    user?: string,
    stream = false,
    conversationId?: string | null,
-    files?: Array<Record<string, unknown>> | null
+    files?: ChatMessageRequest["files"]
  ): Promise<DifyResponse<ChatMessageResponse> | DifyStream<ChatMessageResponse>> {
    let payload: ChatMessageRequest;
    let shouldStream = stream;
@@ -46,8 +54,8 @@ export class ChatClient extends DifyClient {
    } else {
      ensureNonEmptyString(query, "query");
      ensureNonEmptyString(user, "user");
-      payload = {
-        inputs: inputOrRequest as Record<string, unknown>,
+        payload = {
+        inputs: inputOrRequest,
        query,
        user,
        response_mode: stream ? "streaming" : "blocking",
@@ -79,10 +87,10 @@ export class ChatClient extends DifyClient {
  stopChatMessage(
    taskId: string,
    user: string
-  ): Promise<DifyResponse<ChatMessageResponse>> {
+  ): Promise<DifyResponse<SuccessResponse>> {
    ensureNonEmptyString(taskId, "taskId");
    ensureNonEmptyString(user, "user");
-    return this.http.request<ChatMessageResponse>({
+    return this.http.request<SuccessResponse>({
      method: "POST",
      path: `/chat-messages/${taskId}/stop`,
      data: { user },
@@ -92,17 +100,17 @@ export class ChatClient extends DifyClient {
  stopMessage(
    taskId: string,
    user: string
-  ): Promise<DifyResponse<ChatMessageResponse>> {
+  ): Promise<DifyResponse<SuccessResponse>> {
    return this.stopChatMessage(taskId, user);
  }

  getSuggested(
    messageId: string,
    user: string
-  ): Promise<DifyResponse<ChatMessageResponse>> {
+  ): Promise<DifyResponse<SuggestedQuestionsResponse>> {
    ensureNonEmptyString(messageId, "messageId");
    ensureNonEmptyString(user, "user");
-    return this.http.request<ChatMessageResponse>({
+    return this.http.request<SuggestedQuestionsResponse>({
      method: "GET",
      path: `/messages/${messageId}/suggested`,
      query: { user },
@@ -114,7 +122,7 @@ export class ChatClient extends DifyClient {
  getAppFeedbacks(
    page?: number,
    limit?: number
-  ): Promise<DifyResponse<Record<string, unknown>>> {
+  ): Promise<DifyResponse<JsonObject>> {
    ensureOptionalInt(page, "page");
    ensureOptionalInt(limit, "limit");
    return this.http.request({
@@ -131,8 +139,8 @@ export class ChatClient extends DifyClient {
    user: string,
    lastId?: string | null,
    limit?: number | null,
-    sortByOrPinned?: string | boolean | null
-  ): Promise<DifyResponse<Record<string, unknown>>> {
+    sortBy?: ConversationSortBy | null
+  ): Promise<DifyResponse<JsonObject>> {
    ensureNonEmptyString(user, "user");
    ensureOptionalString(lastId, "lastId");
    ensureOptionalInt(limit, "limit");
@@ -144,10 +152,8 @@ export class ChatClient extends DifyClient {
    if (limit) {
      params.limit = limit;
    }
-    if (typeof sortByOrPinned === "string") {
-      params.sort_by = sortByOrPinned;
-    } else if (typeof sortByOrPinned === "boolean") {
-      params.pinned = sortByOrPinned;
+    if (sortBy) {
+      params.sort_by = sortBy;
    }

    return this.http.request({
@@ -162,7 +168,7 @@ export class ChatClient extends DifyClient {
    conversationId: string,
    firstId?: string | null,
    limit?: number | null
-  ): Promise<DifyResponse<Record<string, unknown>>> {
+  ): Promise<DifyResponse<JsonObject>> {
    ensureNonEmptyString(user, "user");
    ensureNonEmptyString(conversationId, "conversationId");
    ensureOptionalString(firstId, "firstId");
@@ -189,18 +195,18 @@ export class ChatClient extends DifyClient {
    name: string,
    user: string,
    autoGenerate?: boolean
-  ): Promise<DifyResponse<Record<string, unknown>>>;
+  ): Promise<DifyResponse<JsonObject>>;
  renameConversation(
    conversationId: string,
    user: string,
    options?: { name?: string | null; autoGenerate?: boolean }
-  ): Promise<DifyResponse<Record<string, unknown>>>;
+  ): Promise<DifyResponse<JsonObject>>;
  renameConversation(
    conversationId: string,
    nameOrUser: string,
    userOrOptions?: string | { name?: string | null; autoGenerate?: boolean },
    autoGenerate?: boolean
-  ): Promise<DifyResponse<Record<string, unknown>>> {
+  ): Promise<DifyResponse<JsonObject>> {
    ensureNonEmptyString(conversationId, "conversationId");

    let name: string | null | undefined;
@@ -222,7 +228,7 @@ export class ChatClient extends DifyClient {
      ensureNonEmptyString(name, "name");
    }

-    const payload: Record<string, unknown> = {
+    const payload: JsonObject = {
      user,
      auto_generate: resolvedAutoGenerate,
    };
@@ -240,7 +246,7 @@ export class ChatClient extends DifyClient {
  deleteConversation(
    conversationId: string,
    user: string
-  ): Promise<DifyResponse<Record<string, unknown>>> {
+  ): Promise<DifyResponse<SuccessResponse>> {
    ensureNonEmptyString(conversationId, "conversationId");
    ensureNonEmptyString(user, "user");
    return this.http.request({
@@ -256,7 +262,7 @@ export class ChatClient extends DifyClient {
    lastId?: string | null,
    limit?: number | null,
    variableName?: string | null
-  ): Promise<DifyResponse<Record<string, unknown>>> {
+  ): Promise<DifyResponse<JsonObject>> {
    ensureNonEmptyString(conversationId, "conversationId");
    ensureNonEmptyString(user, "user");
    ensureOptionalString(lastId, "lastId");
@@ -279,8 +285,8 @@ export class ChatClient extends DifyClient {
    conversationId: string,
    variableId: string,
    user: string,
-    value: unknown
-  ): Promise<DifyResponse<Record<string, unknown>>> {
+    value: JsonValue
+  ): Promise<DifyResponse<JsonObject>> {
    ensureNonEmptyString(conversationId, "conversationId");
    ensureNonEmptyString(variableId, "variableId");
    ensureNonEmptyString(user, "user");
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/client/completion.test.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/client/completion.test.ts
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/client/completion.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/client/completion.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,11 @@
 import { DifyClient } from "./base";
 import type { CompletionRequest, CompletionResponse } from "../types/completion";
-import type { DifyResponse, DifyStream } from "../types/common";
+import type {
+  DifyResponse,
+  DifyStream,
+  JsonObject,
+  SuccessResponse,
+} from "../types/common";
 import { ensureNonEmptyString } from "./validation";

 const warned = new Set<string>();
@@ -17,16 +22,16 @@ export class CompletionClient extends DifyClient {
    request: CompletionRequest
  ): Promise<DifyResponse<CompletionResponse> | DifyStream<CompletionResponse>>;
  createCompletionMessage(
-    inputs: Record<string, unknown>,
+    inputs: JsonObject,
    user: string,
    stream?: boolean,
-    files?: Array<Record<string, unknown>> | null
+    files?: CompletionRequest["files"]
  ): Promise<DifyResponse<CompletionResponse> | DifyStream<CompletionResponse>>;
  createCompletionMessage(
-    inputOrRequest: CompletionRequest | Record<string, unknown>,
+    inputOrRequest: CompletionRequest | JsonObject,
    user?: string,
    stream = false,
-    files?: Array<Record<string, unknown>> | null
+    files?: CompletionRequest["files"]
  ): Promise<DifyResponse<CompletionResponse> | DifyStream<CompletionResponse>> {
    let payload: CompletionRequest;
    let shouldStream = stream;
@@ -37,7 +42,7 @@ export class CompletionClient extends DifyClient {
    } else {
      ensureNonEmptyString(user, "user");
      payload = {
-        inputs: inputOrRequest as Record<string, unknown>,
+        inputs: inputOrRequest,
        user,
        files,
        response_mode: stream ? "streaming" : "blocking",
@@ -64,10 +69,10 @@ export class CompletionClient extends DifyClient {
  stopCompletionMessage(
    taskId: string,
    user: string
-  ): Promise<DifyResponse<CompletionResponse>> {
+  ): Promise<DifyResponse<SuccessResponse>> {
    ensureNonEmptyString(taskId, "taskId");
    ensureNonEmptyString(user, "user");
-    return this.http.request<CompletionResponse>({
+    return this.http.request<SuccessResponse>({
      method: "POST",
      path: `/completion-messages/${taskId}/stop`,
      data: { user },
@@ -77,15 +82,15 @@ export class CompletionClient extends DifyClient {
  stop(
    taskId: string,
    user: string
-  ): Promise<DifyResponse<CompletionResponse>> {
+  ): Promise<DifyResponse<SuccessResponse>> {
    return this.stopCompletionMessage(taskId, user);
  }

  runWorkflow(
-    inputs: Record<string, unknown>,
+    inputs: JsonObject,
    user: string,
    stream = false
-  ): Promise<DifyResponse<Record<string, unknown>> | DifyStream<Record<string, unknown>>> {
+  ): Promise<DifyResponse<JsonObject> | DifyStream<JsonObject>> {
    warnOnce(
      "CompletionClient.runWorkflow is deprecated. Use WorkflowClient.run instead."
    );
@@ -96,13 +101,13 @@ export class CompletionClient extends DifyClient {
      response_mode: stream ? "streaming" : "blocking",
    };
    if (stream) {
-      return this.http.requestStream<Record<string, unknown>>({
+      return this.http.requestStream<JsonObject>({
        method: "POST",
        path: "/workflows/run",
        data: payload,
      });
    }
-    return this.http.request<Record<string, unknown>>({
+    return this.http.request<JsonObject>({
      method: "POST",
      path: "/workflows/run",
      data: payload,
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/client/knowledge-base.test.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/client/knowledge-base.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+import { FileUploadError, ValidationError } from "../errors/dify-error";
 import { KnowledgeBaseClient } from "./knowledge-base";
 import { createHttpClientWithSpies } from "../../tests/test-utils";

@@ -174,7 +175,6 @@ describe("KnowledgeBaseClient", () => {
  it("handles pipeline operations", async () => {
    const { client, request, requestStream } = createHttpClientWithSpies();
    const kb = new KnowledgeBaseClient(client);
-    const warn = vi.spyOn(console, "warn").mockImplementation(() => {});
    const form = { append: vi.fn(), getHeaders: () => ({}) };

    await kb.listDatasourcePlugins("ds", { isPublished: true });
@@ -201,7 +201,6 @@ describe("KnowledgeBaseClient", () => {
    });
    await kb.uploadPipelineFile(form);

-    expect(warn).toHaveBeenCalled();
    expect(request).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
      method: "GET",
      path: "/datasets/ds/pipeline/datasource-plugins",
@@ -246,4 +245,22 @@ describe("KnowledgeBaseClient", () => {
      data: form,
    });
  });
+
+  it("validates form-data and optional array filters", async () => {
+    const { client } = createHttpClientWithSpies();
+    const kb = new KnowledgeBaseClient(client);
+
+    await expect(kb.createDocumentByFile("ds", {})).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(
+      FileUploadError
+    );
+    await expect(
+      kb.listSegments("ds", "doc", { status: ["ok", 1] as unknown as string[] })
+    ).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(ValidationError);
+    await expect(
+      kb.hitTesting("ds", {
+        query: "q",
+        attachment_ids: ["att-1", 2] as unknown as string[],
+      })
+    ).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(ValidationError);
+  });
 });
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/client/knowledge-base.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/client/knowledge-base.ts
@@ -38,22 +38,17 @@ import {
  ensureStringArray,
 } from "./validation";
 import { FileUploadError, ValidationError } from "../errors/dify-error";
+import type { SdkFormData } from "../http/form-data";
 import { isFormData } from "../http/form-data";

-const warned = new Set<string>();
-const warnOnce = (message: string): void => {
-  if (warned.has(message)) {
-    return;
-  }
-  warned.add(message);
-  console.warn(message);
-};
-
-const ensureFormData = (form: unknown, context: string): void => {
+function ensureFormData(
+  form: unknown,
+  context: string
+): asserts form is SdkFormData {
  if (!isFormData(form)) {
    throw new FileUploadError(`${context} requires FormData`);
  }
-};
+}

 const ensureNonEmptyArray = (value: unknown, name: string): void => {
  if (!Array.isArray(value) || value.length === 0) {
@@ -61,12 +56,6 @@ const ensureNonEmptyArray = (value: unknown, name: string): void => {
  }
 };

-const warnPipelineRoutes = (): void => {
-  warnOnce(
-    "RAG pipeline endpoints may be unavailable unless the service API registers dataset/rag_pipeline routes."
-  );
-};
-
 export class KnowledgeBaseClient extends DifyClient {
  async listDatasets(
    options?: DatasetListOptions
@@ -641,7 +630,6 @@ export class KnowledgeBaseClient extends DifyClient {
    datasetId: string,
    options?: DatasourcePluginListOptions
  ): Promise<DifyResponse<KnowledgeBaseResponse>> {
-    warnPipelineRoutes();
    ensureNonEmptyString(datasetId, "datasetId");
    ensureOptionalBoolean(options?.isPublished, "isPublished");
    return this.http.request({
@@ -658,7 +646,6 @@ export class KnowledgeBaseClient extends DifyClient {
    nodeId: string,
    request: DatasourceNodeRunRequest
  ): Promise<DifyStream<PipelineStreamEvent>> {
-    warnPipelineRoutes();
    ensureNonEmptyString(datasetId, "datasetId");
    ensureNonEmptyString(nodeId, "nodeId");
    ensureNonEmptyString(request.datasource_type, "datasource_type");
@@ -673,7 +660,6 @@ export class KnowledgeBaseClient extends DifyClient {
    datasetId: string,
    request: PipelineRunRequest
  ): Promise<DifyResponse<KnowledgeBaseResponse> | DifyStream<PipelineStreamEvent>> {
-    warnPipelineRoutes();
    ensureNonEmptyString(datasetId, "datasetId");
    ensureNonEmptyString(request.datasource_type, "datasource_type");
    ensureNonEmptyString(request.start_node_id, "start_node_id");
@@ -695,7 +681,6 @@ export class KnowledgeBaseClient extends DifyClient {
  async uploadPipelineFile(
    form: unknown
  ): Promise<DifyResponse<KnowledgeBaseResponse>> {
-    warnPipelineRoutes();
    ensureFormData(form, "uploadPipelineFile");
    return this.http.request({
      method: "POST",
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/client/validation.test.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/client/validation.test.ts
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ import {
  validateParams,
 } from "./validation";

-const makeLongString = (length) => "a".repeat(length);
+const makeLongString = (length: number) => "a".repeat(length);

 describe("validation utilities", () => {
  it("ensureNonEmptyString throws on empty or whitespace", () => {
@@ -19,9 +19,7 @@ describe("validation utilities", () => {
  });

  it("ensureNonEmptyString throws on overly long strings", () => {
-    expect(() =>
-      ensureNonEmptyString(makeLongString(10001), "name")
-    ).toThrow();
+    expect(() => ensureNonEmptyString(makeLongString(10001), "name")).toThrow();
  });

  it("ensureOptionalString ignores undefined and validates when set", () => {
@@ -73,7 +71,6 @@ describe("validation utilities", () => {
    expect(() => validateParams({ rating: "bad" })).toThrow();
    expect(() => validateParams({ page: 1.1 })).toThrow();
    expect(() => validateParams({ files: "bad" })).toThrow();
-    // Empty strings are allowed for optional params (e.g., keyword: "" means no filter)
    expect(() => validateParams({ keyword: "" })).not.toThrow();
    expect(() => validateParams({ name: makeLongString(10001) })).toThrow();
    expect(() =>
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/client/validation.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/client/validation.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import { ValidationError } from "../errors/dify-error";
+import { isRecord } from "../internal/type-guards";

 const MAX_STRING_LENGTH = 10000;
 const MAX_LIST_LENGTH = 1000;
@@ -109,8 +110,8 @@ export function validateParams(params: Record<string, unknown>): void {
          `Parameter '${key}' exceeds maximum size of ${MAX_LIST_LENGTH} items`
        );
      }
-    } else if (typeof value === "object") {
-      if (Object.keys(value as Record<string, unknown>).length > MAX_DICT_LENGTH) {
+    } else if (isRecord(value)) {
+      if (Object.keys(value).length > MAX_DICT_LENGTH) {
        throw new ValidationError(
          `Parameter '${key}' exceeds maximum size of ${MAX_DICT_LENGTH} items`
        );
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/client/workflow.test.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/client/workflow.test.ts
@@ -90,7 +90,6 @@ describe("WorkflowClient", () => {
    const { client, request } = createHttpClientWithSpies();
    const workflow = new WorkflowClient(client);

-    // Use createdByEndUserSessionId to filter by user session (backend API parameter)
    await workflow.getLogs({
      keyword: "k",
      status: "succeeded",
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/client/workflow.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/client/workflow.ts
@@ -1,6 +1,12 @@
 import { DifyClient } from "./base";
 import type { WorkflowRunRequest, WorkflowRunResponse } from "../types/workflow";
-import type { DifyResponse, DifyStream, QueryParams } from "../types/common";
+import type {
+  DifyResponse,
+  DifyStream,
+  JsonObject,
+  QueryParams,
+  SuccessResponse,
+} from "../types/common";
 import {
  ensureNonEmptyString,
  ensureOptionalInt,
@@ -12,12 +18,12 @@ export class WorkflowClient extends DifyClient {
    request: WorkflowRunRequest
  ): Promise<DifyResponse<WorkflowRunResponse> | DifyStream<WorkflowRunResponse>>;
  run(
-    inputs: Record<string, unknown>,
+    inputs: JsonObject,
    user: string,
    stream?: boolean
  ): Promise<DifyResponse<WorkflowRunResponse> | DifyStream<WorkflowRunResponse>>;
  run(
-    inputOrRequest: WorkflowRunRequest | Record<string, unknown>,
+    inputOrRequest: WorkflowRunRequest | JsonObject,
    user?: string,
    stream = false
  ): Promise<DifyResponse<WorkflowRunResponse> | DifyStream<WorkflowRunResponse>> {
@@ -30,7 +36,7 @@ export class WorkflowClient extends DifyClient {
    } else {
      ensureNonEmptyString(user, "user");
      payload = {
-        inputs: inputOrRequest as Record<string, unknown>,
+        inputs: inputOrRequest,
        user,
        response_mode: stream ? "streaming" : "blocking",
      };
@@ -84,10 +90,10 @@ export class WorkflowClient extends DifyClient {
  stop(
    taskId: string,
    user: string
-  ): Promise<DifyResponse<WorkflowRunResponse>> {
+  ): Promise<DifyResponse<SuccessResponse>> {
    ensureNonEmptyString(taskId, "taskId");
    ensureNonEmptyString(user, "user");
-    return this.http.request<WorkflowRunResponse>({
+    return this.http.request<SuccessResponse>({
      method: "POST",
      path: `/workflows/tasks/${taskId}/stop`,
      data: { user },
@@ -111,7 +117,7 @@ export class WorkflowClient extends DifyClient {
    limit?: number;
    startTime?: string;
    endTime?: string;
-  }): Promise<DifyResponse<Record<string, unknown>>> {
+  }): Promise<DifyResponse<JsonObject>> {
    if (options?.keyword) {
      ensureOptionalString(options.keyword, "keyword");
    }
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/client/workspace.test.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/client/workspace.test.ts
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/errors/dify-error.test.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/errors/dify-error.test.ts
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/http/client.test.js
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/http/client.test.js
@@ -1,304 +0,0 @@
-import axios from "axios";
-import { Readable } from "node:stream";
-import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
-import {
-  APIError,
-  AuthenticationError,
-  FileUploadError,
-  NetworkError,
-  RateLimitError,
-  TimeoutError,
-  ValidationError,
-} from "../errors/dify-error";
-import { HttpClient } from "./client";
-
-describe("HttpClient", () => {
-  beforeEach(() => {
-    vi.restoreAllMocks();
-  });
-  it("builds requests with auth headers and JSON content type", async () => {
-    const mockRequest = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue({
-      status: 200,
-      data: { ok: true },
-      headers: { "x-request-id": "req" },
-    });
-    vi.spyOn(axios, "create").mockReturnValue({ request: mockRequest });
-
-    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test" });
-    const response = await client.request({
-      method: "POST",
-      path: "/chat-messages",
-      data: { user: "u" },
-    });
-
-    expect(response.requestId).toBe("req");
-    const config = mockRequest.mock.calls[0][0];
-    expect(config.headers.Authorization).toBe("Bearer test");
-    expect(config.headers["Content-Type"]).toBe("application/json");
-    expect(config.responseType).toBe("json");
-  });
-
-  it("serializes array query params", async () => {
-    const mockRequest = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue({
-      status: 200,
-      data: "ok",
-      headers: {},
-    });
-    vi.spyOn(axios, "create").mockReturnValue({ request: mockRequest });
-
-    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test" });
-    await client.requestRaw({
-      method: "GET",
-      path: "/datasets",
-      query: { tag_ids: ["a", "b"], limit: 2 },
-    });
-
-    const config = mockRequest.mock.calls[0][0];
-    const queryString = config.paramsSerializer.serialize({
-      tag_ids: ["a", "b"],
-      limit: 2,
-    });
-    expect(queryString).toBe("tag_ids=a&tag_ids=b&limit=2");
-  });
-
-  it("returns SSE stream helpers", async () => {
-    const mockRequest = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue({
-      status: 200,
-      data: Readable.from(["data: {\"text\":\"hi\"}\n\n"]),
-      headers: { "x-request-id": "req" },
-    });
-    vi.spyOn(axios, "create").mockReturnValue({ request: mockRequest });
-
-    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test" });
-    const stream = await client.requestStream({
-      method: "POST",
-      path: "/chat-messages",
-      data: { user: "u" },
-    });
-
-    expect(stream.status).toBe(200);
-    expect(stream.requestId).toBe("req");
-    await expect(stream.toText()).resolves.toBe("hi");
-  });
-
-  it("returns binary stream helpers", async () => {
-    const mockRequest = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue({
-      status: 200,
-      data: Readable.from(["chunk"]),
-      headers: { "x-request-id": "req" },
-    });
-    vi.spyOn(axios, "create").mockReturnValue({ request: mockRequest });
-
-    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test" });
-    const stream = await client.requestBinaryStream({
-      method: "POST",
-      path: "/text-to-audio",
-      data: { user: "u", text: "hi" },
-    });
-
-    expect(stream.status).toBe(200);
-    expect(stream.requestId).toBe("req");
-  });
-
-  it("respects form-data headers", async () => {
-    const mockRequest = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue({
-      status: 200,
-      data: "ok",
-      headers: {},
-    });
-    vi.spyOn(axios, "create").mockReturnValue({ request: mockRequest });
-
-    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test" });
-    const form = {
-      append: () => {},
-      getHeaders: () => ({ "content-type": "multipart/form-data; boundary=abc" }),
-    };
-
-    await client.requestRaw({
-      method: "POST",
-      path: "/files/upload",
-      data: form,
-    });
-
-    const config = mockRequest.mock.calls[0][0];
-    expect(config.headers["content-type"]).toBe(
-      "multipart/form-data; boundary=abc"
-    );
-    expect(config.headers["Content-Type"]).toBeUndefined();
-  });
-
-  it("maps 401 and 429 errors", async () => {
-    const mockRequest = vi.fn();
-    vi.spyOn(axios, "create").mockReturnValue({ request: mockRequest });
-    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test", maxRetries: 0 });
-
-    mockRequest.mockRejectedValueOnce({
-      isAxiosError: true,
-      response: {
-        status: 401,
-        data: { message: "unauthorized" },
-        headers: {},
-      },
-    });
-    await expect(
-      client.requestRaw({ method: "GET", path: "/meta" })
-    ).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(AuthenticationError);
-
-    mockRequest.mockRejectedValueOnce({
-      isAxiosError: true,
-      response: {
-        status: 429,
-        data: { message: "rate" },
-        headers: { "retry-after": "2" },
-      },
-    });
-    const error = await client
-      .requestRaw({ method: "GET", path: "/meta" })
-      .catch((err) => err);
-    expect(error).toBeInstanceOf(RateLimitError);
-    expect(error.retryAfter).toBe(2);
-  });
-
-  it("maps validation and upload errors", async () => {
-    const mockRequest = vi.fn();
-    vi.spyOn(axios, "create").mockReturnValue({ request: mockRequest });
-    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test", maxRetries: 0 });
-
-    mockRequest.mockRejectedValueOnce({
-      isAxiosError: true,
-      response: {
-        status: 422,
-        data: { message: "invalid" },
-        headers: {},
-      },
-    });
-    await expect(
-      client.requestRaw({ method: "POST", path: "/chat-messages", data: { user: "u" } })
-    ).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(ValidationError);
-
-    mockRequest.mockRejectedValueOnce({
-      isAxiosError: true,
-      config: { url: "/files/upload" },
-      response: {
-        status: 400,
-        data: { message: "bad upload" },
-        headers: {},
-      },
-    });
-    await expect(
-      client.requestRaw({ method: "POST", path: "/files/upload", data: { user: "u" } })
-    ).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(FileUploadError);
-  });
-
-  it("maps timeout and network errors", async () => {
-    const mockRequest = vi.fn();
-    vi.spyOn(axios, "create").mockReturnValue({ request: mockRequest });
-    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test", maxRetries: 0 });
-
-    mockRequest.mockRejectedValueOnce({
-      isAxiosError: true,
-      code: "ECONNABORTED",
-      message: "timeout",
-    });
-    await expect(
-      client.requestRaw({ method: "GET", path: "/meta" })
-    ).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(TimeoutError);
-
-    mockRequest.mockRejectedValueOnce({
-      isAxiosError: true,
-      message: "network",
-    });
-    await expect(
-      client.requestRaw({ method: "GET", path: "/meta" })
-    ).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(NetworkError);
-  });
-
-  it("retries on timeout errors", async () => {
-    const mockRequest = vi.fn();
-    vi.spyOn(axios, "create").mockReturnValue({ request: mockRequest });
-    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test", maxRetries: 1, retryDelay: 0 });
-
-    mockRequest
-      .mockRejectedValueOnce({
-        isAxiosError: true,
-        code: "ECONNABORTED",
-        message: "timeout",
-      })
-      .mockResolvedValueOnce({ status: 200, data: "ok", headers: {} });
-
-    await client.requestRaw({ method: "GET", path: "/meta" });
-    expect(mockRequest).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
-  });
-
-  it("validates query parameters before request", async () => {
-    const mockRequest = vi.fn();
-    vi.spyOn(axios, "create").mockReturnValue({ request: mockRequest });
-    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test" });
-
-    await expect(
-      client.requestRaw({ method: "GET", path: "/meta", query: { user: 1 } })
-    ).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(ValidationError);
-    expect(mockRequest).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
-  });
-
-  it("returns APIError for other http failures", async () => {
-    const mockRequest = vi.fn();
-    vi.spyOn(axios, "create").mockReturnValue({ request: mockRequest });
-    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test", maxRetries: 0 });
-
-    mockRequest.mockRejectedValueOnce({
-      isAxiosError: true,
-      response: { status: 500, data: { message: "server" }, headers: {} },
-    });
-
-    await expect(
-      client.requestRaw({ method: "GET", path: "/meta" })
-    ).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(APIError);
-  });
-
-  it("logs requests and responses when enableLogging is true", async () => {
-    const mockRequest = vi.fn().mockResolvedValue({
-      status: 200,
-      data: { ok: true },
-      headers: {},
-    });
-    vi.spyOn(axios, "create").mockReturnValue({ request: mockRequest });
-    const consoleInfo = vi.spyOn(console, "info").mockImplementation(() => {});
-
-    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test", enableLogging: true });
-    await client.requestRaw({ method: "GET", path: "/meta" });
-
-    expect(consoleInfo).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
-      expect.stringContaining("dify-client-node response 200 GET")
-    );
-    consoleInfo.mockRestore();
-  });
-
-  it("logs retry attempts when enableLogging is true", async () => {
-    const mockRequest = vi.fn();
-    vi.spyOn(axios, "create").mockReturnValue({ request: mockRequest });
-    const consoleInfo = vi.spyOn(console, "info").mockImplementation(() => {});
-
-    const client = new HttpClient({
-      apiKey: "test",
-      maxRetries: 1,
-      retryDelay: 0,
-      enableLogging: true,
-    });
-
-    mockRequest
-      .mockRejectedValueOnce({
-        isAxiosError: true,
-        code: "ECONNABORTED",
-        message: "timeout",
-      })
-      .mockResolvedValueOnce({ status: 200, data: "ok", headers: {} });
-
-    await client.requestRaw({ method: "GET", path: "/meta" });
-
-    expect(consoleInfo).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
-      expect.stringContaining("dify-client-node retry")
-    );
-    consoleInfo.mockRestore();
-  });
-});
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/http/client.test.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/http/client.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,527 @@
+import { Readable, Stream } from "node:stream";
+import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+import {
+  APIError,
+  AuthenticationError,
+  FileUploadError,
+  NetworkError,
+  RateLimitError,
+  TimeoutError,
+  ValidationError,
+} from "../errors/dify-error";
+import { HttpClient } from "./client";
+
+const stubFetch = (): ReturnType<typeof vi.fn> => {
+  const fetchMock = vi.fn();
+  vi.stubGlobal("fetch", fetchMock);
+  return fetchMock;
+};
+
+const getFetchCall = (
+  fetchMock: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>,
+  index = 0
+): [string, RequestInit | undefined] => {
+  const call = fetchMock.mock.calls[index];
+  if (!call) {
+    throw new Error(`Missing fetch call at index ${index}`);
+  }
+  return call as [string, RequestInit | undefined];
+};
+
+const toHeaderRecord = (headers: HeadersInit | undefined): Record<string, string> =>
+  Object.fromEntries(new Headers(headers).entries());
+
+const jsonResponse = (
+  body: unknown,
+  init: ResponseInit = {}
+): Response =>
+  new Response(JSON.stringify(body), {
+    ...init,
+    headers: {
+      "content-type": "application/json",
+      ...(init.headers ?? {}),
+    },
+  });
+
+const textResponse = (body: string, init: ResponseInit = {}): Response =>
+  new Response(body, {
+    ...init,
+    headers: {
+      ...(init.headers ?? {}),
+    },
+  });
+
+describe("HttpClient", () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.restoreAllMocks();
+    vi.unstubAllGlobals();
+  });
+
+  it("builds requests with auth headers and JSON content type", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValueOnce(
+      jsonResponse({ ok: true }, { status: 200, headers: { "x-request-id": "req" } })
+    );
+
+    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test" });
+    const response = await client.request({
+      method: "POST",
+      path: "/chat-messages",
+      data: { user: "u" },
+    });
+
+    expect(response.requestId).toBe("req");
+    expect(fetchMock).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    const [url, init] = getFetchCall(fetchMock);
+    expect(url).toBe("https://api.dify.ai/v1/chat-messages");
+    expect(toHeaderRecord(init?.headers)).toMatchObject({
+      authorization: "Bearer test",
+      "content-type": "application/json",
+      "user-agent": "dify-client-node",
+    });
+    expect(init?.body).toBe(JSON.stringify({ user: "u" }));
+  });
+
+  it("serializes array query params", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValueOnce(jsonResponse("ok", { status: 200 }));
+
+    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test" });
+    await client.requestRaw({
+      method: "GET",
+      path: "/datasets",
+      query: { tag_ids: ["a", "b"], limit: 2 },
+    });
+
+    const [url] = getFetchCall(fetchMock);
+    expect(new URL(url).searchParams.toString()).toBe(
+      "tag_ids=a&tag_ids=b&limit=2"
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("returns SSE stream helpers", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValueOnce(
+      new Response('data: {"text":"hi"}\n\n', {
+        status: 200,
+        headers: { "x-request-id": "req" },
+      })
+    );
+
+    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test" });
+    const stream = await client.requestStream({
+      method: "POST",
+      path: "/chat-messages",
+      data: { user: "u" },
+    });
+
+    expect(stream.status).toBe(200);
+    expect(stream.requestId).toBe("req");
+    await expect(stream.toText()).resolves.toBe("hi");
+  });
+
+  it("returns binary stream helpers", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValueOnce(
+      new Response("chunk", {
+        status: 200,
+        headers: { "x-request-id": "req" },
+      })
+    );
+
+    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test" });
+    const stream = await client.requestBinaryStream({
+      method: "POST",
+      path: "/text-to-audio",
+      data: { user: "u", text: "hi" },
+    });
+
+    expect(stream.status).toBe(200);
+    expect(stream.requestId).toBe("req");
+    expect(stream.data).toBeInstanceOf(Readable);
+  });
+
+  it("respects form-data headers", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValueOnce(jsonResponse("ok", { status: 200 }));
+
+    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test" });
+    const form = new FormData();
+    form.append("file", new Blob(["abc"]), "file.txt");
+
+    await client.requestRaw({
+      method: "POST",
+      path: "/files/upload",
+      data: form,
+    });
+
+    const [, init] = getFetchCall(fetchMock);
+    expect(toHeaderRecord(init?.headers)).toMatchObject({
+      authorization: "Bearer test",
+    });
+    expect(toHeaderRecord(init?.headers)["content-type"]).toBeUndefined();
+  });
+
+  it("sends legacy form-data as a readable request body", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValueOnce(jsonResponse("ok", { status: 200 }));
+
+    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test" });
+    const legacyForm = Object.assign(Readable.from(["chunk"]), {
+      append: vi.fn(),
+      getHeaders: () => ({
+        "content-type": "multipart/form-data; boundary=test",
+      }),
+    });
+
+    await client.requestRaw({
+      method: "POST",
+      path: "/files/upload",
+      data: legacyForm,
+    });
+
+    const [, init] = getFetchCall(fetchMock);
+    expect(toHeaderRecord(init?.headers)).toMatchObject({
+      authorization: "Bearer test",
+      "content-type": "multipart/form-data; boundary=test",
+    });
+    expect((init as RequestInit & { duplex?: string } | undefined)?.duplex).toBe(
+      "half"
+    );
+    expect(init?.body).not.toBe(legacyForm);
+  });
+
+  it("rejects legacy form-data objects that are not readable streams", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test" });
+    const legacyForm = {
+      append: vi.fn(),
+      getHeaders: () => ({
+        "content-type": "multipart/form-data; boundary=test",
+      }),
+    };
+
+    await expect(
+      client.requestRaw({
+        method: "POST",
+        path: "/files/upload",
+        data: legacyForm,
+      })
+    ).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(FileUploadError);
+
+    expect(fetchMock).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it("accepts legacy pipeable streams that are not Readable instances", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValueOnce(jsonResponse("ok", { status: 200 }));
+    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test" });
+
+    const legacyStream = new Stream() as Stream &
+      NodeJS.ReadableStream & {
+        append: ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>;
+        getHeaders: () => Record<string, string>;
+      };
+    legacyStream.readable = true;
+    legacyStream.pause = () => legacyStream;
+    legacyStream.resume = () => legacyStream;
+    legacyStream.append = vi.fn();
+    legacyStream.getHeaders = () => ({
+      "content-type": "multipart/form-data; boundary=test",
+    });
+    queueMicrotask(() => {
+      legacyStream.emit("data", Buffer.from("chunk"));
+      legacyStream.emit("end");
+    });
+
+    await client.requestRaw({
+      method: "POST",
+      path: "/files/upload",
+      data: legacyStream as unknown as FormData,
+    });
+
+    const [, init] = getFetchCall(fetchMock);
+    expect((init as RequestInit & { duplex?: string } | undefined)?.duplex).toBe(
+      "half"
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("returns buffers for byte responses", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValueOnce(
+      new Response(Uint8Array.from([1, 2, 3]), {
+        status: 200,
+        headers: { "content-type": "application/octet-stream" },
+      })
+    );
+
+    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test" });
+    const response = await client.request<Buffer, "bytes">({
+      method: "GET",
+      path: "/files/file-1/preview",
+      responseType: "bytes",
+    });
+
+    expect(Buffer.isBuffer(response.data)).toBe(true);
+    expect(Array.from(response.data.values())).toEqual([1, 2, 3]);
+  });
+
+  it("keeps arraybuffer as a backward-compatible binary alias", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValueOnce(
+      new Response(Uint8Array.from([4, 5, 6]), {
+        status: 200,
+        headers: { "content-type": "application/octet-stream" },
+      })
+    );
+
+    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test" });
+    const response = await client.request<Buffer, "arraybuffer">({
+      method: "GET",
+      path: "/files/file-1/preview",
+      responseType: "arraybuffer",
+    });
+
+    expect(Buffer.isBuffer(response.data)).toBe(true);
+    expect(Array.from(response.data.values())).toEqual([4, 5, 6]);
+  });
+
+  it("returns null for empty no-content responses", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValueOnce(new Response(null, { status: 204 }));
+
+    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test" });
+    const response = await client.requestRaw({
+      method: "GET",
+      path: "/meta",
+    });
+
+    expect(response.data).toBeNull();
+  });
+
+  it("maps 401 and 429 errors", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    fetchMock
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce(
+        jsonResponse({ message: "unauthorized" }, { status: 401 })
+      )
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce(
+        jsonResponse({ message: "rate" }, { status: 429, headers: { "retry-after": "2" } })
+      );
+    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test", maxRetries: 0 });
+
+    await expect(
+      client.requestRaw({ method: "GET", path: "/meta" })
+    ).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(AuthenticationError);
+
+    const error = await client
+      .requestRaw({ method: "GET", path: "/meta" })
+      .catch((err: unknown) => err);
+    expect(error).toBeInstanceOf(RateLimitError);
+    expect((error as RateLimitError).retryAfter).toBe(2);
+  });
+
+  it("maps validation and upload errors", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    fetchMock
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce(jsonResponse({ message: "invalid" }, { status: 422 }))
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce(jsonResponse({ message: "bad upload" }, { status: 400 }));
+    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test", maxRetries: 0 });
+
+    await expect(
+      client.requestRaw({ method: "POST", path: "/chat-messages", data: { user: "u" } })
+    ).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(ValidationError);
+
+    await expect(
+      client.requestRaw({ method: "POST", path: "/files/upload", data: { user: "u" } })
+    ).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(FileUploadError);
+  });
+
+  it("maps timeout and network errors", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    fetchMock
+      .mockRejectedValueOnce(Object.assign(new Error("timeout"), { name: "AbortError" }))
+      .mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error("network"));
+    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test", maxRetries: 0 });
+
+    await expect(
+      client.requestRaw({ method: "GET", path: "/meta" })
+    ).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(TimeoutError);
+
+    await expect(
+      client.requestRaw({ method: "GET", path: "/meta" })
+    ).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(NetworkError);
+  });
+
+  it("maps unknown transport failures to NetworkError", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    fetchMock.mockRejectedValueOnce("boom");
+    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test", maxRetries: 0 });
+
+    await expect(
+      client.requestRaw({ method: "GET", path: "/meta" })
+    ).rejects.toMatchObject({
+      name: "NetworkError",
+      message: "Unexpected network error",
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("retries on timeout errors", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    fetchMock
+      .mockRejectedValueOnce(Object.assign(new Error("timeout"), { name: "AbortError" }))
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce(jsonResponse("ok", { status: 200 }));
+    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test", maxRetries: 1, retryDelay: 0 });
+
+    await client.requestRaw({ method: "GET", path: "/meta" });
+    expect(fetchMock).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
+  });
+
+  it("does not retry non-replayable readable request bodies", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    fetchMock.mockRejectedValueOnce(new Error("network"));
+    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test", maxRetries: 2, retryDelay: 0 });
+
+    await expect(
+      client.requestRaw({
+        method: "POST",
+        path: "/chat-messages",
+        data: Readable.from(["chunk"]),
+      })
+    ).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(NetworkError);
+
+    expect(fetchMock).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+    const [, init] = getFetchCall(fetchMock);
+    expect((init as RequestInit & { duplex?: string } | undefined)?.duplex).toBe(
+      "half"
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("validates query parameters before request", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test" });
+
+    await expect(
+      client.requestRaw({ method: "GET", path: "/meta", query: { user: 1 } })
+    ).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(ValidationError);
+    expect(fetchMock).not.toHaveBeenCalled();
+  });
+
+  it("returns APIError for other http failures", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValueOnce(jsonResponse({ message: "server" }, { status: 500 }));
+    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test", maxRetries: 0 });
+
+    await expect(
+      client.requestRaw({ method: "GET", path: "/meta" })
+    ).rejects.toBeInstanceOf(APIError);
+  });
+
+  it("uses plain text bodies when json parsing is not possible", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValueOnce(
+      textResponse("plain text", {
+        status: 200,
+        headers: { "content-type": "text/plain" },
+      })
+    );
+    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test" });
+
+    const response = await client.requestRaw({
+      method: "GET",
+      path: "/info",
+    });
+
+    expect(response.data).toBe("plain text");
+  });
+
+  it("keeps invalid json error bodies as API errors", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValueOnce(
+      textResponse("{invalid", {
+        status: 500,
+        headers: { "content-type": "application/json", "x-request-id": "req-500" },
+      })
+    );
+    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test", maxRetries: 0 });
+
+    await expect(
+      client.requestRaw({ method: "GET", path: "/meta" })
+    ).rejects.toMatchObject({
+      name: "APIError",
+      statusCode: 500,
+      requestId: "req-500",
+      responseBody: "{invalid",
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("sends raw string bodies without additional json encoding", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValueOnce(jsonResponse("ok", { status: 200 }));
+    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test" });
+
+    await client.requestRaw({
+      method: "POST",
+      path: "/meta",
+      data: '{"pre":"serialized"}',
+      headers: { "Content-Type": "application/custom+json" },
+    });
+
+    const [, init] = getFetchCall(fetchMock);
+    expect(init?.body).toBe('{"pre":"serialized"}');
+    expect(toHeaderRecord(init?.headers)).toMatchObject({
+      "content-type": "application/custom+json",
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("preserves explicit user-agent headers", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValueOnce(jsonResponse({ ok: true }, { status: 200 }));
+    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test" });
+
+    await client.requestRaw({
+      method: "GET",
+      path: "/meta",
+      headers: { "User-Agent": "custom-agent" },
+    });
+
+    const [, init] = getFetchCall(fetchMock);
+    expect(toHeaderRecord(init?.headers)).toMatchObject({
+      "user-agent": "custom-agent",
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("logs requests and responses when enableLogging is true", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValueOnce(jsonResponse({ ok: true }, { status: 200 }));
+    const consoleInfo = vi.spyOn(console, "info").mockImplementation(() => {});
+
+    const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test", enableLogging: true });
+    await client.requestRaw({ method: "GET", path: "/meta" });
+
+    expect(consoleInfo).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect.stringContaining("dify-client-node response 200 GET")
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("logs retry attempts when enableLogging is true", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    fetchMock
+      .mockRejectedValueOnce(Object.assign(new Error("timeout"), { name: "AbortError" }))
+      .mockResolvedValueOnce(jsonResponse("ok", { status: 200 }));
+    const consoleInfo = vi.spyOn(console, "info").mockImplementation(() => {});
+
+    const client = new HttpClient({
+      apiKey: "test",
+      maxRetries: 1,
+      retryDelay: 0,
+      enableLogging: true,
+    });
+
+    await client.requestRaw({ method: "GET", path: "/meta" });
+
+    expect(consoleInfo).toHaveBeenCalledWith(
+      expect.stringContaining("dify-client-node retry")
+    );
+  });
+});
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/http/client.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/http/client.ts
@@ -1,11 +1,4 @@
-import axios from "axios";
-import type {
-  AxiosError,
-  AxiosInstance,
-  AxiosRequestConfig,
-  AxiosResponse,
-} from "axios";
-import type { Readable } from "node:stream";
+import { Readable } from "node:stream";
 import {
  DEFAULT_BASE_URL,
  DEFAULT_MAX_RETRIES,
@@ -13,36 +6,69 @@ import {
  DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS,
 } from "../types/common";
 import type {
+  BinaryStream,
  DifyClientConfig,
  DifyResponse,
+  DifyStream,
  Headers,
+  JsonValue,
  QueryParams,
  RequestMethod,
 } from "../types/common";
-import type { DifyError } from "../errors/dify-error";
 import {
  APIError,
  AuthenticationError,
+  DifyError,
  FileUploadError,
  NetworkError,
  RateLimitError,
  TimeoutError,
  ValidationError,
 } from "../errors/dify-error";
+import type { SdkFormData } from "./form-data";
 import { getFormDataHeaders, isFormData } from "./form-data";
 import { createBinaryStream, createSseStream } from "./sse";
 import { getRetryDelayMs, shouldRetry, sleep } from "./retry";
 import { validateParams } from "../client/validation";
+import { hasStringProperty, isRecord } from "../internal/type-guards";

 const DEFAULT_USER_AGENT = "dify-client-node";

-export type RequestOptions = {
+export type HttpResponseType = "json" | "bytes" | "stream" | "arraybuffer";
+
+export type HttpRequestBody =
+  | JsonValue
+  | Readable
+  | SdkFormData
+  | URLSearchParams
+  | ArrayBuffer
+  | ArrayBufferView
+  | Blob
+  | string
+  | null;
+
+export type ResponseDataFor<TResponseType extends HttpResponseType> =
+  TResponseType extends "stream"
+    ? Readable
+    : TResponseType extends "bytes" | "arraybuffer"
+      ? Buffer
+      : JsonValue | string | null;
+
+export type RawHttpResponse<TData = unknown> = {
+  data: TData;
+  status: number;
+  headers: Headers;
+  requestId?: string;
+  url: string;
+};
+
+export type RequestOptions<TResponseType extends HttpResponseType = "json"> = {
  method: RequestMethod;
  path: string;
  query?: QueryParams;
-  data?: unknown;
+  data?: HttpRequestBody;
  headers?: Headers;
-  responseType?: AxiosRequestConfig["responseType"];
+  responseType?: TResponseType;
 };

 export type HttpClientSettings = Required<
@@ -51,6 +77,23 @@ export type HttpClientSettings = Required<
  apiKey: string;
 };

+type FetchRequestInit = RequestInit & {
+  duplex?: "half";
+};
+
+type PreparedRequestBody = {
+  body?: BodyInit | null;
+  headers: Headers;
+  duplex?: "half";
+  replayable: boolean;
+};
+
+type TimeoutContext = {
+  cleanup: () => void;
+  reason: Error;
+  signal: AbortSignal;
+};
+
 const normalizeSettings = (config: DifyClientConfig): HttpClientSettings => ({
  apiKey: config.apiKey,
  baseUrl: config.baseUrl ?? DEFAULT_BASE_URL,
@@ -60,19 +103,10 @@ const normalizeSettings = (config: DifyClientConfig): HttpClientSettings => ({
  enableLogging: config.enableLogging ?? false,
 });

-const normalizeHeaders = (headers: AxiosResponse["headers"]): Headers => {
+const normalizeHeaders = (headers: globalThis.Headers): Headers => {
  const result: Headers = {};
-  if (!headers) {
-    return result;
-  }
-  Object.entries(headers).forEach(([key, value]) => {
-    if (Array.isArray(value)) {
-      result[key.toLowerCase()] = value.join(", ");
-    } else if (typeof value === "string") {
-      result[key.toLowerCase()] = value;
-    } else if (typeof value === "number") {
-      result[key.toLowerCase()] = value.toString();
-    }
+  headers.forEach((value, key) => {
+    result[key.toLowerCase()] = value;
  });
  return result;
 };
@@ -80,9 +114,18 @@ const normalizeHeaders = (headers: AxiosResponse["headers"]): Headers => {
 const resolveRequestId = (headers: Headers): string | undefined =>
  headers["x-request-id"] ?? headers["x-requestid"];

-const buildRequestUrl = (baseUrl: string, path: string): string => {
+const buildRequestUrl = (
+  baseUrl: string,
+  path: string,
+  query?: QueryParams
+): string => {
  const trimmed = baseUrl.replace(/\/+$/, "");
-  return `${trimmed}${path}`;
+  const url = new URL(`${trimmed}${path}`);
+  const queryString = buildQueryString(query);
+  if (queryString) {
+    url.search = queryString;
+  }
+  return url.toString();
 };

 const buildQueryString = (params?: QueryParams): string => {
@@ -121,24 +164,53 @@ const parseRetryAfterSeconds = (headerValue?: string): number | undefined => {
  return undefined;
 };

-const isReadableStream = (value: unknown): value is Readable => {
+const isPipeableStream = (value: unknown): value is { pipe: (destination: unknown) => unknown } => {
  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
    return false;
  }
  return typeof (value as { pipe?: unknown }).pipe === "function";
 };

-const isUploadLikeRequest = (config?: AxiosRequestConfig): boolean => {
-  const url = (config?.url ?? "").toLowerCase();
-  if (!url) {
-    return false;
+const toNodeReadable = (value: unknown): Readable | null => {
+  if (value instanceof Readable) {
+    return value;
  }
+  if (!isPipeableStream(value)) {
+    return null;
+  }
+  const readable = new Readable({
+    read() {},
+  });
+  return readable.wrap(value as NodeJS.ReadableStream);
+};
+
+const isBinaryBody = (
+  value: unknown
+): value is ArrayBuffer | ArrayBufferView | Blob => {
+  if (value instanceof Blob) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  if (value instanceof ArrayBuffer) {
+    return true;
+  }
+  return ArrayBuffer.isView(value);
+};
+
+const isJsonBody = (value: unknown): value is Exclude<JsonValue, string> =>
+  value === null ||
+  typeof value === "boolean" ||
+  typeof value === "number" ||
+  Array.isArray(value) ||
+  isRecord(value);
+
+const isUploadLikeRequest = (path: string): boolean => {
+  const normalizedPath = path.toLowerCase();
  return (
-    url.includes("upload") ||
-    url.includes("/files/") ||
-    url.includes("audio-to-text") ||
-    url.includes("create_by_file") ||
-    url.includes("update_by_file")
+    normalizedPath.includes("upload") ||
+    normalizedPath.includes("/files/") ||
+    normalizedPath.includes("audio-to-text") ||
+    normalizedPath.includes("create_by_file") ||
+    normalizedPath.includes("update_by_file")
  );
 };

@@ -146,88 +218,242 @@ const resolveErrorMessage = (status: number, responseBody: unknown): string => {
  if (typeof responseBody === "string" && responseBody.trim().length > 0) {
    return responseBody;
  }
-  if (
-    responseBody &&
-    typeof responseBody === "object" &&
-    "message" in responseBody
-  ) {
-    const message = (responseBody as Record<string, unknown>).message;
-    if (typeof message === "string" && message.trim().length > 0) {
+  if (hasStringProperty(responseBody, "message")) {
+    const message = responseBody.message.trim();
+    if (message.length > 0) {
      return message;
    }
  }
  return `Request failed with status code ${status}`;
 };

-const mapAxiosError = (error: unknown): DifyError => {
-  if (axios.isAxiosError(error)) {
-    const axiosError = error as AxiosError;
-    if (axiosError.response) {
-      const status = axiosError.response.status;
-      const headers = normalizeHeaders(axiosError.response.headers);
-      const requestId = resolveRequestId(headers);
-      const responseBody = axiosError.response.data;
-      const message = resolveErrorMessage(status, responseBody);
-
-      if (status === 401) {
-        return new AuthenticationError(message, {
-          statusCode: status,
-          responseBody,
-          requestId,
-        });
-      }
-      if (status === 429) {
-        const retryAfter = parseRetryAfterSeconds(headers["retry-after"]);
-        return new RateLimitError(message, {
-          statusCode: status,
-          responseBody,
-          requestId,
-          retryAfter,
-        });
-      }
-      if (status === 422) {
-        return new ValidationError(message, {
-          statusCode: status,
-          responseBody,
-          requestId,
-        });
-      }
-      if (status === 400) {
-        if (isUploadLikeRequest(axiosError.config)) {
-          return new FileUploadError(message, {
-            statusCode: status,
-            responseBody,
-            requestId,
-          });
-        }
-      }
-      return new APIError(message, {
-        statusCode: status,
-        responseBody,
-        requestId,
-      });
-    }
-    if (axiosError.code === "ECONNABORTED") {
-      return new TimeoutError("Request timed out", { cause: axiosError });
-    }
-    return new NetworkError(axiosError.message, { cause: axiosError });
+const parseJsonLikeText = (
+  value: string,
+  contentType?: string | null
+): JsonValue | string | null => {
+  if (value.length === 0) {
+    return null;
  }
+  const shouldParseJson =
+    contentType?.includes("application/json") === true ||
+    contentType?.includes("+json") === true;
+  if (!shouldParseJson) {
+    try {
+      return JSON.parse(value) as JsonValue;
+    } catch {
+      return value;
+    }
+  }
+  return JSON.parse(value) as JsonValue;
+};
+
+const prepareRequestBody = (
+  method: RequestMethod,
+  data: HttpRequestBody | undefined
+): PreparedRequestBody => {
+  if (method === "GET" || data === undefined) {
+    return {
+      body: undefined,
+      headers: {},
+      replayable: true,
+    };
+  }
+
+  if (isFormData(data)) {
+    if ("getHeaders" in data && typeof data.getHeaders === "function") {
+      const readable = toNodeReadable(data);
+      if (!readable) {
+        throw new FileUploadError(
+          "Legacy FormData must be a readable stream when used with fetch"
+        );
+      }
+      return {
+        body: Readable.toWeb(readable) as BodyInit,
+        headers: getFormDataHeaders(data),
+        duplex: "half",
+        replayable: false,
+      };
+    }
+    return {
+      body: data as BodyInit,
+      headers: getFormDataHeaders(data),
+      replayable: true,
+    };
+  }
+
+  if (typeof data === "string") {
+    return {
+      body: data,
+      headers: {},
+      replayable: true,
+    };
+  }
+
+  const readable = toNodeReadable(data);
+  if (readable) {
+    return {
+      body: Readable.toWeb(readable) as BodyInit,
+      headers: {},
+      duplex: "half",
+      replayable: false,
+    };
+  }
+
+  if (data instanceof URLSearchParams || isBinaryBody(data)) {
+    const body =
+      ArrayBuffer.isView(data) && !(data instanceof Uint8Array)
+        ? new Uint8Array(data.buffer, data.byteOffset, data.byteLength)
+        : data;
+    return {
+      body: body as BodyInit,
+      headers: {},
+      replayable: true,
+    };
+  }
+
+  if (isJsonBody(data)) {
+    return {
+      body: JSON.stringify(data),
+      headers: {
+        "Content-Type": "application/json",
+      },
+      replayable: true,
+    };
+  }
+
+  throw new ValidationError("Unsupported request body type");
+};
+
+const createTimeoutContext = (timeoutMs: number): TimeoutContext => {
+  const controller = new AbortController();
+  const reason = new Error("Request timed out");
+  const timer = setTimeout(() => {
+    controller.abort(reason);
+  }, timeoutMs);
+  return {
+    signal: controller.signal,
+    reason,
+    cleanup: () => {
+      clearTimeout(timer);
+    },
+  };
+};
+
+const parseResponseBody = async <TResponseType extends HttpResponseType>(
+  response: Response,
+  responseType: TResponseType
+): Promise<ResponseDataFor<TResponseType>> => {
+  if (responseType === "stream") {
+    if (!response.body) {
+      throw new NetworkError("Response body is empty");
+    }
+    return Readable.fromWeb(
+      response.body as unknown as Parameters<typeof Readable.fromWeb>[0]
+    ) as ResponseDataFor<TResponseType>;
+  }
+
+  if (responseType === "bytes" || responseType === "arraybuffer") {
+    const bytes = Buffer.from(await response.arrayBuffer());
+    return bytes as ResponseDataFor<TResponseType>;
+  }
+
+  if (response.status === 204 || response.status === 205 || response.status === 304) {
+    return null as ResponseDataFor<TResponseType>;
+  }
+
+  const text = await response.text();
+  try {
+    return parseJsonLikeText(
+      text,
+      response.headers.get("content-type")
+    ) as ResponseDataFor<TResponseType>;
+  } catch (error) {
+    if (!response.ok && error instanceof SyntaxError) {
+      return text as ResponseDataFor<TResponseType>;
+    }
+    throw error;
+  }
+};
+
+const mapHttpError = (
+  response: RawHttpResponse,
+  path: string
+): DifyError => {
+  const status = response.status;
+  const responseBody = response.data;
+  const message = resolveErrorMessage(status, responseBody);
+
+  if (status === 401) {
+    return new AuthenticationError(message, {
+      statusCode: status,
+      responseBody,
+      requestId: response.requestId,
+    });
+  }
+
+  if (status === 429) {
+    const retryAfter = parseRetryAfterSeconds(response.headers["retry-after"]);
+    return new RateLimitError(message, {
+      statusCode: status,
+      responseBody,
+      requestId: response.requestId,
+      retryAfter,
+    });
+  }
+
+  if (status === 422) {
+    return new ValidationError(message, {
+      statusCode: status,
+      responseBody,
+      requestId: response.requestId,
+    });
+  }
+
+  if (status === 400 && isUploadLikeRequest(path)) {
+    return new FileUploadError(message, {
+      statusCode: status,
+      responseBody,
+      requestId: response.requestId,
+    });
+  }
+
+  return new APIError(message, {
+    statusCode: status,
+    responseBody,
+    requestId: response.requestId,
+  });
+};
+
+const mapTransportError = (
+  error: unknown,
+  timeoutContext: TimeoutContext
+): DifyError => {
+  if (error instanceof DifyError) {
+    return error;
+  }
+
+  if (
+    timeoutContext.signal.aborted &&
+    timeoutContext.signal.reason === timeoutContext.reason
+  ) {
+    return new TimeoutError("Request timed out", { cause: error });
+  }
+
  if (error instanceof Error) {
+    if (error.name === "AbortError" || error.name === "TimeoutError") {
+      return new TimeoutError("Request timed out", { cause: error });
+    }
    return new NetworkError(error.message, { cause: error });
  }
+
  return new NetworkError("Unexpected network error", { cause: error });
 };

 export class HttpClient {
-  private axios: AxiosInstance;
  private settings: HttpClientSettings;

  constructor(config: DifyClientConfig) {
    this.settings = normalizeSettings(config);
-    this.axios = axios.create({
-      baseURL: this.settings.baseUrl,
-      timeout: this.settings.timeout * 1000,
-    });
  }

  updateApiKey(apiKey: string): void {
@@ -238,118 +464,123 @@ export class HttpClient {
    return { ...this.settings };
  }

-  async request<T>(options: RequestOptions): Promise<DifyResponse<T>> {
+  async request<
+    T,
+    TResponseType extends HttpResponseType = "json",
+  >(options: RequestOptions<TResponseType>): Promise<DifyResponse<T>> {
    const response = await this.requestRaw(options);
-    const headers = normalizeHeaders(response.headers);
    return {
      data: response.data as T,
      status: response.status,
-      headers,
-      requestId: resolveRequestId(headers),
+      headers: response.headers,
+      requestId: response.requestId,
    };
  }

-  async requestStream<T>(options: RequestOptions) {
+  async requestStream<T>(options: RequestOptions): Promise<DifyStream<T>> {
    const response = await this.requestRaw({
      ...options,
      responseType: "stream",
    });
-    const headers = normalizeHeaders(response.headers);
-    return createSseStream<T>(response.data as Readable, {
+    return createSseStream<T>(response.data, {
      status: response.status,
-      headers,
-      requestId: resolveRequestId(headers),
+      headers: response.headers,
+      requestId: response.requestId,
    });
  }

-  async requestBinaryStream(options: RequestOptions) {
+  async requestBinaryStream(options: RequestOptions): Promise<BinaryStream> {
    const response = await this.requestRaw({
      ...options,
      responseType: "stream",
    });
-    const headers = normalizeHeaders(response.headers);
-    return createBinaryStream(response.data as Readable, {
+    return createBinaryStream(response.data, {
      status: response.status,
-      headers,
-      requestId: resolveRequestId(headers),
+      headers: response.headers,
+      requestId: response.requestId,
    });
  }

-  async requestRaw(options: RequestOptions): Promise<AxiosResponse> {
-    const { method, path, query, data, headers, responseType } = options;
-    const { apiKey, enableLogging, maxRetries, retryDelay, timeout } =
-      this.settings;
+  async requestRaw<TResponseType extends HttpResponseType = "json">(
+    options: RequestOptions<TResponseType>
+  ): Promise<RawHttpResponse<ResponseDataFor<TResponseType>>> {
+    const responseType = options.responseType ?? "json";
+    const { method, path, query, data, headers } = options;
+    const { apiKey, enableLogging, maxRetries, retryDelay, timeout } = this.settings;

    if (query) {
      validateParams(query as Record<string, unknown>);
    }
-    if (
-      data &&
-      typeof data === "object" &&
-      !Array.isArray(data) &&
-      !isFormData(data) &&
-      !isReadableStream(data)
-    ) {
-      validateParams(data as Record<string, unknown>);
+
+    if (isRecord(data) && !Array.isArray(data) && !isFormData(data) && !isPipeableStream(data)) {
+      validateParams(data);
    }

-    const requestHeaders: Headers = {
-      Authorization: `Bearer ${apiKey}`,
-      ...headers,
-    };
-    if (
-      typeof process !== "undefined" &&
-      !!process.versions?.node &&
-      !requestHeaders["User-Agent"] &&
-      !requestHeaders["user-agent"]
-    ) {
-      requestHeaders["User-Agent"] = DEFAULT_USER_AGENT;
-    }
-
-    if (isFormData(data)) {
-      Object.assign(requestHeaders, getFormDataHeaders(data));
-    } else if (data && method !== "GET") {
-      requestHeaders["Content-Type"] = "application/json";
-    }
-
-    const url = buildRequestUrl(this.settings.baseUrl, path);
+    const url = buildRequestUrl(this.settings.baseUrl, path, query);

    if (enableLogging) {
      console.info(`dify-client-node request ${method} ${url}`);
    }

-    const axiosConfig: AxiosRequestConfig = {
-      method,
-      url: path,
-      params: query,
-      paramsSerializer: {
-        serialize: (params) => buildQueryString(params as QueryParams),
-      },
-      headers: requestHeaders,
-      responseType: responseType ?? "json",
-      timeout: timeout * 1000,
-    };
-
-    if (method !== "GET" && data !== undefined) {
-      axiosConfig.data = data;
-    }
-
    let attempt = 0;
-    // `attempt` is a zero-based retry counter
-    // Total attempts = 1 (initial) + maxRetries
-    // e.g., maxRetries=3 means: attempt 0 (initial), then retries at 1, 2, 3
    while (true) {
+      const preparedBody = prepareRequestBody(method, data);
+      const requestHeaders: Headers = {
+        Authorization: `Bearer ${apiKey}`,
+        ...preparedBody.headers,
+        ...headers,
+      };
+
+      if (
+        typeof process !== "undefined" &&
+        !!process.versions?.node &&
+        !requestHeaders["User-Agent"] &&
+        !requestHeaders["user-agent"]
+      ) {
+        requestHeaders["User-Agent"] = DEFAULT_USER_AGENT;
+      }
+
+      const timeoutContext = createTimeoutContext(timeout * 1000);
+      const requestInit: FetchRequestInit = {
+        method,
+        headers: requestHeaders,
+        body: preparedBody.body,
+        signal: timeoutContext.signal,
+      };
+
+      if (preparedBody.duplex) {
+        requestInit.duplex = preparedBody.duplex;
+      }
+
      try {
-        const response = await this.axios.request(axiosConfig);
+        const fetchResponse = await fetch(url, requestInit);
+        const responseHeaders = normalizeHeaders(fetchResponse.headers);
+        const parsedBody =
+          (await parseResponseBody(fetchResponse, responseType)) as ResponseDataFor<TResponseType>;
+        const response: RawHttpResponse<ResponseDataFor<TResponseType>> = {
+          data: parsedBody,
+          status: fetchResponse.status,
+          headers: responseHeaders,
+          requestId: resolveRequestId(responseHeaders),
+          url,
+        };
+
+        if (!fetchResponse.ok) {
+          throw mapHttpError(response, path);
+        }
+
        if (enableLogging) {
          console.info(
            `dify-client-node response ${response.status} ${method} ${url}`
          );
        }
+
        return response;
      } catch (error) {
-        const mapped = mapAxiosError(error);
-        if (!shouldRetry(mapped, attempt, maxRetries)) {
+        const mapped = mapTransportError(error, timeoutContext);
+        const shouldRetryRequest =
+          preparedBody.replayable && shouldRetry(mapped, attempt, maxRetries);
+        if (!shouldRetryRequest) {
          throw mapped;
        }
        const retryAfterSeconds =
@@ -362,6 +593,8 @@ export class HttpClient {
        }
        attempt += 1;
        await sleep(delay);
+      } finally {
+        timeoutContext.cleanup();
      }
    }
  }
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/http/form-data.test.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/http/form-data.test.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import { describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
 import { getFormDataHeaders, isFormData } from "./form-data";

 describe("form-data helpers", () => {
@@ -11,9 +11,15 @@ describe("form-data helpers", () => {
    expect(isFormData({})).toBe(false);
  });

+  it("detects native FormData", () => {
+    const form = new FormData();
+    form.append("field", "value");
+    expect(isFormData(form)).toBe(true);
+  });
+
  it("returns headers from form-data", () => {
    const formLike = {
-      append: () => {},
+      append: vi.fn(),
      getHeaders: () => ({ "content-type": "multipart/form-data" }),
    };
    expect(getFormDataHeaders(formLike)).toEqual({
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/http/form-data.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/http/form-data.ts
@@ -1,19 +1,25 @@
 import type { Headers } from "../types/common";

-export type FormDataLike = {
-  append: (...args: unknown[]) => void;
-  getHeaders?: () => Headers;
+type FormDataAppendValue = Blob | string;
+
+export type WebFormData = FormData;
+
+export type LegacyNodeFormData = {
+  append: (name: string, value: FormDataAppendValue, fileName?: string) => void;
+  getHeaders: () => Headers;
  constructor?: { name?: string };
 };

-export const isFormData = (value: unknown): value is FormDataLike => {
+export type SdkFormData = WebFormData | LegacyNodeFormData;
+
+export const isFormData = (value: unknown): value is SdkFormData => {
  if (!value || typeof value !== "object") {
    return false;
  }
  if (typeof FormData !== "undefined" && value instanceof FormData) {
    return true;
  }
-  const candidate = value as FormDataLike;
+  const candidate = value as Partial<LegacyNodeFormData>;
  if (typeof candidate.append !== "function") {
    return false;
  }
@@ -23,8 +29,8 @@ export const isFormData = (value: unknown): value is FormDataLike => {
  return candidate.constructor?.name === "FormData";
 };

-export const getFormDataHeaders = (form: FormDataLike): Headers => {
-  if (typeof form.getHeaders === "function") {
+export const getFormDataHeaders = (form: SdkFormData): Headers => {
+  if ("getHeaders" in form && typeof form.getHeaders === "function") {
    return form.getHeaders();
  }
  return {};
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/http/retry.test.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/http/retry.test.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@ import { describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
 import { getRetryDelayMs, shouldRetry } from "./retry";
 import { NetworkError, RateLimitError, TimeoutError } from "../errors/dify-error";

-const withMockedRandom = (value, fn) => {
+const withMockedRandom = (value: number, fn: () => void): void => {
  const original = Math.random;
  Math.random = () => value;
  try {
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/http/sse.test.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/http/sse.test.ts
@@ -6,10 +6,10 @@ describe("sse parsing", () => {
  it("parses event and data lines", async () => {
    const stream = Readable.from([
      "event: message\n",
-      "data: {\"answer\":\"hi\"}\n",
+      'data: {"answer":"hi"}\n',
      "\n",
    ]);
-    const events = [];
+    const events: Array<{ event?: string; data: unknown; raw: string }> = [];
    for await (const event of parseSseStream(stream)) {
      events.push(event);
    }
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ describe("sse parsing", () => {

  it("handles multi-line data payloads", async () => {
    const stream = Readable.from(["data: line1\n", "data: line2\n", "\n"]);
-    const events = [];
+    const events: Array<{ event?: string; data: unknown; raw: string }> = [];
    for await (const event of parseSseStream(stream)) {
      events.push(event);
    }
@@ -28,10 +28,28 @@ describe("sse parsing", () => {
    expect(events[0].data).toBe("line1\nline2");
  });

+  it("ignores comments and flushes the last event without a trailing separator", async () => {
+    const stream = Readable.from([
+      Buffer.from(": keep-alive\n"),
+      Uint8Array.from(Buffer.from('event: message\ndata: {"delta":"hi"}\n')),
+    ]);
+    const events: Array<{ event?: string; data: unknown; raw: string }> = [];
+    for await (const event of parseSseStream(stream)) {
+      events.push(event);
+    }
+    expect(events).toEqual([
+      {
+        event: "message",
+        data: { delta: "hi" },
+        raw: '{"delta":"hi"}',
+      },
+    ]);
+  });
+
  it("createSseStream exposes toText", async () => {
    const stream = Readable.from([
-      "data: {\"answer\":\"hello\"}\n\n",
-      "data: {\"delta\":\" world\"}\n\n",
+      'data: {"answer":"hello"}\n\n',
+      'data: {"delta":" world"}\n\n',
    ]);
    const sseStream = createSseStream(stream, {
      status: 200,
@@ -72,5 +90,6 @@ describe("sse parsing", () => {
    });
    expect(binary.status).toBe(200);
    expect(binary.headers["content-type"]).toBe("audio/mpeg");
+    expect(binary.toReadable()).toBe(stream);
  });
 });
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/http/sse.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/http/sse.ts
@@ -1,12 +1,29 @@
 import type { Readable } from "node:stream";
 import { StringDecoder } from "node:string_decoder";
-import type { BinaryStream, DifyStream, Headers, StreamEvent } from "../types/common";
+import type {
+  BinaryStream,
+  DifyStream,
+  Headers,
+  JsonValue,
+  StreamEvent,
+} from "../types/common";
+import { isRecord } from "../internal/type-guards";
+
+const toBufferChunk = (chunk: unknown): Buffer => {
+  if (Buffer.isBuffer(chunk)) {
+    return chunk;
+  }
+  if (chunk instanceof Uint8Array) {
+    return Buffer.from(chunk);
+  }
+  return Buffer.from(String(chunk));
+};

 const readLines = async function* (stream: Readable): AsyncIterable<string> {
  const decoder = new StringDecoder("utf8");
  let buffered = "";
  for await (const chunk of stream) {
-    buffered += decoder.write(chunk as Buffer);
+    buffered += decoder.write(toBufferChunk(chunk));
    let index = buffered.indexOf("\n");
    while (index >= 0) {
      let line = buffered.slice(0, index);
@@ -24,12 +41,12 @@ const readLines = async function* (stream: Readable): AsyncIterable<string> {
  }
 };

-const parseMaybeJson = (value: string): unknown => {
+const parseMaybeJson = (value: string): JsonValue | string | null => {
  if (!value) {
    return null;
  }
  try {
-    return JSON.parse(value);
+    return JSON.parse(value) as JsonValue;
  } catch {
    return value;
  }
@@ -81,18 +98,17 @@ const extractTextFromEvent = (data: unknown): string => {
  if (typeof data === "string") {
    return data;
  }
-  if (!data || typeof data !== "object") {
+  if (!isRecord(data)) {
    return "";
  }
-  const record = data as Record<string, unknown>;
-  if (typeof record.answer === "string") {
-    return record.answer;
+  if (typeof data.answer === "string") {
+    return data.answer;
  }
-  if (typeof record.text === "string") {
-    return record.text;
+  if (typeof data.text === "string") {
+    return data.text;
  }
-  if (typeof record.delta === "string") {
-    return record.delta;
+  if (typeof data.delta === "string") {
+    return data.delta;
  }
  return "";
 };
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/index.test.js
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/index.test.js
@@ -1,227 +0,0 @@
-import { afterAll, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
-import { ChatClient, DifyClient, WorkflowClient, BASE_URL, routes } from "./index";
-import axios from "axios";
-
-const mockRequest = vi.fn();
-
-const setupAxiosMock = () => {
-  vi.spyOn(axios, "create").mockReturnValue({ request: mockRequest });
-};
-
-beforeEach(() => {
-  vi.restoreAllMocks();
-  mockRequest.mockReset();
-  setupAxiosMock();
-});
-
-describe("Client", () => {
-  it("should create a client", () => {
-    new DifyClient("test");
-
-    expect(axios.create).toHaveBeenCalledWith({
-      baseURL: BASE_URL,
-      timeout: 60000,
-    });
-  });
-
-  it("should update the api key", () => {
-    const difyClient = new DifyClient("test");
-    difyClient.updateApiKey("test2");
-
-    expect(difyClient.getHttpClient().getSettings().apiKey).toBe("test2");
-  });
-});
-
-describe("Send Requests", () => {
-  it("should make a successful request to the application parameter", async () => {
-    const difyClient = new DifyClient("test");
-    const method = "GET";
-    const endpoint = routes.application.url();
-    mockRequest.mockResolvedValue({
-      status: 200,
-      data: "response",
-      headers: {},
-    });
-
-    await difyClient.sendRequest(method, endpoint);
-
-    const requestConfig = mockRequest.mock.calls[0][0];
-    expect(requestConfig).toMatchObject({
-      method,
-      url: endpoint,
-      params: undefined,
-      responseType: "json",
-      timeout: 60000,
-    });
-    expect(requestConfig.headers.Authorization).toBe("Bearer test");
-  });
-
-  it("uses the getMeta route configuration", async () => {
-    const difyClient = new DifyClient("test");
-    mockRequest.mockResolvedValue({ status: 200, data: "ok", headers: {} });
-
-    await difyClient.getMeta("end-user");
-
-    expect(mockRequest).toHaveBeenCalledWith(expect.objectContaining({
-      method: routes.getMeta.method,
-      url: routes.getMeta.url(),
-      params: { user: "end-user" },
-      headers: expect.objectContaining({
-        Authorization: "Bearer test",
-      }),
-      responseType: "json",
-      timeout: 60000,
-    }));
-  });
-});
-
-describe("File uploads", () => {
-  const OriginalFormData = globalThis.FormData;
-
-  beforeAll(() => {
-    globalThis.FormData = class FormDataMock {
-      append() {}
-
-      getHeaders() {
-        return {
-          "content-type": "multipart/form-data; boundary=test",
-        };
-      }
-    };
-  });
-
-  afterAll(() => {
-    globalThis.FormData = OriginalFormData;
-  });
-
-  it("does not override multipart boundary headers for FormData", async () => {
-    const difyClient = new DifyClient("test");
-    const form = new globalThis.FormData();
-    mockRequest.mockResolvedValue({ status: 200, data: "ok", headers: {} });
-
-    await difyClient.fileUpload(form, "end-user");
-
-    expect(mockRequest).toHaveBeenCalledWith(expect.objectContaining({
-      method: routes.fileUpload.method,
-      url: routes.fileUpload.url(),
-      params: undefined,
-      headers: expect.objectContaining({
-        Authorization: "Bearer test",
-        "content-type": "multipart/form-data; boundary=test",
-      }),
-      responseType: "json",
-      timeout: 60000,
-      data: form,
-    }));
-  });
-});
-
-describe("Workflow client", () => {
-  it("uses tasks stop path for workflow stop", async () => {
-    const workflowClient = new WorkflowClient("test");
-    mockRequest.mockResolvedValue({ status: 200, data: "stopped", headers: {} });
-
-    await workflowClient.stop("task-1", "end-user");
-
-    expect(mockRequest).toHaveBeenCalledWith(expect.objectContaining({
-      method: routes.stopWorkflow.method,
-      url: routes.stopWorkflow.url("task-1"),
-      params: undefined,
-      headers: expect.objectContaining({
-        Authorization: "Bearer test",
-        "Content-Type": "application/json",
-      }),
-      responseType: "json",
-      timeout: 60000,
-      data: { user: "end-user" },
-    }));
-  });
-
-  it("maps workflow log filters to service api params", async () => {
-    const workflowClient = new WorkflowClient("test");
-    mockRequest.mockResolvedValue({ status: 200, data: "ok", headers: {} });
-
-    await workflowClient.getLogs({
-      createdAtAfter: "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z",
-      createdAtBefore: "2024-01-02T00:00:00Z",
-      createdByEndUserSessionId: "sess-1",
-      createdByAccount: "acc-1",
-      page: 2,
-      limit: 10,
-    });
-
-    expect(mockRequest).toHaveBeenCalledWith(expect.objectContaining({
-      method: "GET",
-      url: "/workflows/logs",
-      params: {
-        created_at__after: "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z",
-        created_at__before: "2024-01-02T00:00:00Z",
-        created_by_end_user_session_id: "sess-1",
-        created_by_account: "acc-1",
-        page: 2,
-        limit: 10,
-      },
-      headers: expect.objectContaining({
-        Authorization: "Bearer test",
-      }),
-      responseType: "json",
-      timeout: 60000,
-    }));
-  });
-});
-
-describe("Chat client", () => {
-  it("places user in query for suggested messages", async () => {
-    const chatClient = new ChatClient("test");
-    mockRequest.mockResolvedValue({ status: 200, data: "ok", headers: {} });
-
-    await chatClient.getSuggested("msg-1", "end-user");
-
-    expect(mockRequest).toHaveBeenCalledWith(expect.objectContaining({
-      method: routes.getSuggested.method,
-      url: routes.getSuggested.url("msg-1"),
-      params: { user: "end-user" },
-      headers: expect.objectContaining({
-        Authorization: "Bearer test",
-      }),
-      responseType: "json",
-      timeout: 60000,
-    }));
-  });
-
-  it("uses last_id when listing conversations", async () => {
-    const chatClient = new ChatClient("test");
-    mockRequest.mockResolvedValue({ status: 200, data: "ok", headers: {} });
-
-    await chatClient.getConversations("end-user", "last-1", 10);
-
-    expect(mockRequest).toHaveBeenCalledWith(expect.objectContaining({
-      method: routes.getConversations.method,
-      url: routes.getConversations.url(),
-      params: { user: "end-user", last_id: "last-1", limit: 10 },
-      headers: expect.objectContaining({
-        Authorization: "Bearer test",
-      }),
-      responseType: "json",
-      timeout: 60000,
-    }));
-  });
-
-  it("lists app feedbacks without user params", async () => {
-    const chatClient = new ChatClient("test");
-    mockRequest.mockResolvedValue({ status: 200, data: "ok", headers: {} });
-
-    await chatClient.getAppFeedbacks(1, 20);
-
-    expect(mockRequest).toHaveBeenCalledWith(expect.objectContaining({
-      method: "GET",
-      url: "/app/feedbacks",
-      params: { page: 1, limit: 20 },
-      headers: expect.objectContaining({
-        Authorization: "Bearer test",
-      }),
-      responseType: "json",
-      timeout: 60000,
-    }));
-  });
-});
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/index.test.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/index.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,240 @@
+import { Readable } from "node:stream";
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+import { BASE_URL, ChatClient, DifyClient, WorkflowClient, routes } from "./index";
+
+const stubFetch = (): ReturnType<typeof vi.fn> => {
+  const fetchMock = vi.fn();
+  vi.stubGlobal("fetch", fetchMock);
+  return fetchMock;
+};
+
+const jsonResponse = (body: unknown, init: ResponseInit = {}): Response =>
+  new Response(JSON.stringify(body), {
+    status: 200,
+    ...init,
+    headers: {
+      "content-type": "application/json",
+      ...(init.headers ?? {}),
+    },
+  });
+
+describe("Client", () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.restoreAllMocks();
+    vi.unstubAllGlobals();
+  });
+
+  it("creates a client with default settings", () => {
+    const difyClient = new DifyClient("test");
+
+    expect(difyClient.getHttpClient().getSettings()).toMatchObject({
+      apiKey: "test",
+      baseUrl: BASE_URL,
+      timeout: 60,
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("updates the api key", () => {
+    const difyClient = new DifyClient("test");
+    difyClient.updateApiKey("test2");
+
+    expect(difyClient.getHttpClient().getSettings().apiKey).toBe("test2");
+  });
+});
+
+describe("Send Requests", () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.restoreAllMocks();
+    vi.unstubAllGlobals();
+  });
+
+  it("makes a successful request to the application parameter route", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    const difyClient = new DifyClient("test");
+    const method = "GET";
+    const endpoint = routes.application.url();
+
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValueOnce(jsonResponse("response"));
+
+    const response = await difyClient.sendRequest(method, endpoint);
+
+    expect(response).toMatchObject({
+      status: 200,
+      data: "response",
+      headers: {
+        "content-type": "application/json",
+      },
+    });
+    const [url, init] = fetchMock.mock.calls[0] as [string, RequestInit];
+    expect(url).toBe(`${BASE_URL}${endpoint}`);
+    expect(init.method).toBe(method);
+    expect(init.headers).toMatchObject({
+      Authorization: "Bearer test",
+      "User-Agent": "dify-client-node",
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("uses the getMeta route configuration", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    const difyClient = new DifyClient("test");
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValueOnce(jsonResponse({ ok: true }));
+
+    await difyClient.getMeta("end-user");
+
+    const [url, init] = fetchMock.mock.calls[0] as [string, RequestInit];
+    expect(url).toBe(`${BASE_URL}${routes.getMeta.url()}?user=end-user`);
+    expect(init.method).toBe(routes.getMeta.method);
+    expect(init.headers).toMatchObject({
+      Authorization: "Bearer test",
+    });
+  });
+});
+
+describe("File uploads", () => {
+  const OriginalFormData = globalThis.FormData;
+
+  beforeAll(() => {
+    globalThis.FormData = class FormDataMock extends Readable {
+      constructor() {
+        super();
+      }
+
+      _read() {}
+
+      append() {}
+
+      getHeaders() {
+        return {
+          "content-type": "multipart/form-data; boundary=test",
+        };
+      }
+    } as unknown as typeof FormData;
+  });
+
+  afterAll(() => {
+    globalThis.FormData = OriginalFormData;
+  });
+
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.restoreAllMocks();
+    vi.unstubAllGlobals();
+  });
+
+  it("does not override multipart boundary headers for legacy FormData", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    const difyClient = new DifyClient("test");
+    const form = new globalThis.FormData();
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValueOnce(jsonResponse({ ok: true }));
+
+    await difyClient.fileUpload(form, "end-user");
+
+    const [url, init] = fetchMock.mock.calls[0] as [string, RequestInit];
+    expect(url).toBe(`${BASE_URL}${routes.fileUpload.url()}`);
+    expect(init.method).toBe(routes.fileUpload.method);
+    expect(init.headers).toMatchObject({
+      Authorization: "Bearer test",
+      "content-type": "multipart/form-data; boundary=test",
+    });
+    expect(init.body).not.toBe(form);
+    expect((init as RequestInit & { duplex?: string }).duplex).toBe("half");
+  });
+});
+
+describe("Workflow client", () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.restoreAllMocks();
+    vi.unstubAllGlobals();
+  });
+
+  it("uses tasks stop path for workflow stop", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    const workflowClient = new WorkflowClient("test");
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValueOnce(jsonResponse({ result: "success" }));
+
+    await workflowClient.stop("task-1", "end-user");
+
+    const [url, init] = fetchMock.mock.calls[0] as [string, RequestInit];
+    expect(url).toBe(`${BASE_URL}${routes.stopWorkflow.url("task-1")}`);
+    expect(init.method).toBe(routes.stopWorkflow.method);
+    expect(init.headers).toMatchObject({
+      Authorization: "Bearer test",
+      "Content-Type": "application/json",
+    });
+    expect(init.body).toBe(JSON.stringify({ user: "end-user" }));
+  });
+
+  it("maps workflow log filters to service api params", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    const workflowClient = new WorkflowClient("test");
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValueOnce(jsonResponse({ ok: true }));
+
+    await workflowClient.getLogs({
+      createdAtAfter: "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z",
+      createdAtBefore: "2024-01-02T00:00:00Z",
+      createdByEndUserSessionId: "sess-1",
+      createdByAccount: "acc-1",
+      page: 2,
+      limit: 10,
+    });
+
+    const [url] = fetchMock.mock.calls[0] as [string, RequestInit];
+    const parsedUrl = new URL(url);
+    expect(parsedUrl.origin + parsedUrl.pathname).toBe(`${BASE_URL}/workflows/logs`);
+    expect(parsedUrl.searchParams.get("created_at__before")).toBe(
+      "2024-01-02T00:00:00Z"
+    );
+    expect(parsedUrl.searchParams.get("created_at__after")).toBe(
+      "2024-01-01T00:00:00Z"
+    );
+    expect(parsedUrl.searchParams.get("created_by_end_user_session_id")).toBe(
+      "sess-1"
+    );
+    expect(parsedUrl.searchParams.get("created_by_account")).toBe("acc-1");
+    expect(parsedUrl.searchParams.get("page")).toBe("2");
+    expect(parsedUrl.searchParams.get("limit")).toBe("10");
+  });
+});
+
+describe("Chat client", () => {
+  beforeEach(() => {
+    vi.restoreAllMocks();
+    vi.unstubAllGlobals();
+  });
+
+  it("places user in query for suggested messages", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    const chatClient = new ChatClient("test");
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValueOnce(jsonResponse({ result: "success", data: [] }));
+
+    await chatClient.getSuggested("msg-1", "end-user");
+
+    const [url, init] = fetchMock.mock.calls[0] as [string, RequestInit];
+    expect(url).toBe(`${BASE_URL}${routes.getSuggested.url("msg-1")}?user=end-user`);
+    expect(init.method).toBe(routes.getSuggested.method);
+    expect(init.headers).toMatchObject({
+      Authorization: "Bearer test",
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("uses last_id when listing conversations", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    const chatClient = new ChatClient("test");
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValueOnce(jsonResponse({ ok: true }));
+
+    await chatClient.getConversations("end-user", "last-1", 10);
+
+    const [url] = fetchMock.mock.calls[0] as [string, RequestInit];
+    expect(url).toBe(`${BASE_URL}${routes.getConversations.url()}?user=end-user&last_id=last-1&limit=10`);
+  });
+
+  it("lists app feedbacks without user params", async () => {
+    const fetchMock = stubFetch();
+    const chatClient = new ChatClient("test");
+    fetchMock.mockResolvedValueOnce(jsonResponse({ data: [] }));
+
+    await chatClient.getAppFeedbacks(1, 20);
+
+    const [url] = fetchMock.mock.calls[0] as [string, RequestInit];
+    expect(url).toBe(`${BASE_URL}/app/feedbacks?page=1&limit=20`);
+  });
+});
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/internal/type-guards.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/internal/type-guards.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+export const isRecord = (value: unknown): value is Record<string, unknown> =>
+  typeof value === "object" && value !== null;
+
+export const hasStringProperty = <
+  TKey extends string,
+>(
+  value: unknown,
+  key: TKey
+): value is Record<TKey, string> => isRecord(value) && typeof value[key] === "string";
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/types/annotation.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/types/annotation.ts
@@ -15,4 +15,5 @@ export type AnnotationListOptions = {
  keyword?: string;
 };

-export type AnnotationResponse = Record<string, unknown>;
+export type AnnotationResponse = JsonObject;
+import type { JsonObject } from "./common";
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/types/chat.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/types/chat.ts
@@ -1,17 +1,28 @@
-import type { StreamEvent } from "./common";
+import type {
+  DifyRequestFile,
+  JsonObject,
+  ResponseMode,
+  StreamEvent,
+} from "./common";

 export type ChatMessageRequest = {
-  inputs?: Record<string, unknown>;
+  inputs?: JsonObject;
  query: string;
  user: string;
-  response_mode?: "blocking" | "streaming";
-  files?: Array<Record<string, unknown>> | null;
+  response_mode?: ResponseMode;
+  files?: DifyRequestFile[] | null;
  conversation_id?: string;
  auto_generate_name?: boolean;
  workflow_id?: string;
  retriever_from?: "app" | "dataset";
 };

-export type ChatMessageResponse = Record<string, unknown>;
+export type ChatMessageResponse = JsonObject;

-export type ChatStreamEvent = StreamEvent<Record<string, unknown>>;
+export type ChatStreamEvent = StreamEvent<JsonObject>;
+
+export type ConversationSortBy =
+  | "created_at"
+  | "-created_at"
+  | "updated_at"
+  | "-updated_at";
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/types/common.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/types/common.ts
@@ -1,9 +1,18 @@
+import type { Readable } from "node:stream";
+
 export const DEFAULT_BASE_URL = "https://api.dify.ai/v1";
 export const DEFAULT_TIMEOUT_SECONDS = 60;
 export const DEFAULT_MAX_RETRIES = 3;
 export const DEFAULT_RETRY_DELAY_SECONDS = 1;

 export type RequestMethod = "GET" | "POST" | "PATCH" | "PUT" | "DELETE";
+export type ResponseMode = "blocking" | "streaming";
+export type JsonPrimitive = string | number | boolean | null;
+export type JsonValue = JsonPrimitive | JsonObject | JsonArray;
+export type JsonObject = {
+  [key: string]: JsonValue;
+};
+export type JsonArray = JsonValue[];

 export type QueryParamValue =
  | string
@@ -15,6 +24,13 @@ export type QueryParamValue =
 export type QueryParams = Record<string, QueryParamValue>;

 export type Headers = Record<string, string>;
+export type DifyRequestFile = JsonObject;
+export type SuccessResponse = {
+  result: "success";
+};
+export type SuggestedQuestionsResponse = SuccessResponse & {
+  data: string[];
+};

 export type DifyClientConfig = {
  apiKey: string;
@@ -54,18 +70,18 @@ export type StreamEvent<T = unknown> = {
 };

 export type DifyStream<T = unknown> = AsyncIterable<StreamEvent<T>> & {
-  data: NodeJS.ReadableStream;
+  data: Readable;
  status: number;
  headers: Headers;
  requestId?: string;
  toText(): Promise<string>;
-  toReadable(): NodeJS.ReadableStream;
+  toReadable(): Readable;
 };

 export type BinaryStream = {
-  data: NodeJS.ReadableStream;
+  data: Readable;
  status: number;
  headers: Headers;
  requestId?: string;
-  toReadable(): NodeJS.ReadableStream;
+  toReadable(): Readable;
 };
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/types/completion.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/types/completion.ts
@@ -1,13 +1,18 @@
-import type { StreamEvent } from "./common";
+import type {
+  DifyRequestFile,
+  JsonObject,
+  ResponseMode,
+  StreamEvent,
+} from "./common";

 export type CompletionRequest = {
-  inputs?: Record<string, unknown>;
-  response_mode?: "blocking" | "streaming";
+  inputs?: JsonObject;
+  response_mode?: ResponseMode;
  user: string;
-  files?: Array<Record<string, unknown>> | null;
+  files?: DifyRequestFile[] | null;
  retriever_from?: "app" | "dataset";
 };

-export type CompletionResponse = Record<string, unknown>;
+export type CompletionResponse = JsonObject;

-export type CompletionStreamEvent = StreamEvent<Record<string, unknown>>;
+export type CompletionStreamEvent = StreamEvent<JsonObject>;
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/types/knowledge-base.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/types/knowledge-base.ts
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ export type DatasetCreateRequest = {
  external_knowledge_api_id?: string | null;
  provider?: string;
  external_knowledge_id?: string | null;
-  retrieval_model?: Record<string, unknown> | null;
+  retrieval_model?: JsonObject | null;
  embedding_model?: string | null;
  embedding_model_provider?: string | null;
 };
@@ -26,9 +26,9 @@ export type DatasetUpdateRequest = {
  permission?: string | null;
  embedding_model?: string | null;
  embedding_model_provider?: string | null;
-  retrieval_model?: Record<string, unknown> | null;
+  retrieval_model?: JsonObject | null;
  partial_member_list?: Array<Record<string, string>> | null;
-  external_retrieval_model?: Record<string, unknown> | null;
+  external_retrieval_model?: JsonObject | null;
  external_knowledge_id?: string | null;
  external_knowledge_api_id?: string | null;
 };
@@ -61,12 +61,12 @@ export type DatasetTagUnbindingRequest = {
 export type DocumentTextCreateRequest = {
  name: string;
  text: string;
-  process_rule?: Record<string, unknown> | null;
+  process_rule?: JsonObject | null;
  original_document_id?: string | null;
  doc_form?: string;
  doc_language?: string;
  indexing_technique?: string | null;
-  retrieval_model?: Record<string, unknown> | null;
+  retrieval_model?: JsonObject | null;
  embedding_model?: string | null;
  embedding_model_provider?: string | null;
 };
@@ -74,10 +74,10 @@ export type DocumentTextCreateRequest = {
 export type DocumentTextUpdateRequest = {
  name?: string | null;
  text?: string | null;
-  process_rule?: Record<string, unknown> | null;
+  process_rule?: JsonObject | null;
  doc_form?: string;
  doc_language?: string;
-  retrieval_model?: Record<string, unknown> | null;
+  retrieval_model?: JsonObject | null;
 };

 export type DocumentListOptions = {
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ export type DocumentGetOptions = {
 };

 export type SegmentCreateRequest = {
-  segments: Array<Record<string, unknown>>;
+  segments: JsonObject[];
 };

 export type SegmentUpdateRequest = {
@@ -155,8 +155,8 @@ export type MetadataOperationRequest = {

 export type HitTestingRequest = {
  query?: string | null;
-  retrieval_model?: Record<string, unknown> | null;
-  external_retrieval_model?: Record<string, unknown> | null;
+  retrieval_model?: JsonObject | null;
+  external_retrieval_model?: JsonObject | null;
  attachment_ids?: string[] | null;
 };

@@ -165,20 +165,21 @@ export type DatasourcePluginListOptions = {
 };

 export type DatasourceNodeRunRequest = {
-  inputs: Record<string, unknown>;
+  inputs: JsonObject;
  datasource_type: string;
  credential_id?: string | null;
  is_published: boolean;
 };

 export type PipelineRunRequest = {
-  inputs: Record<string, unknown>;
+  inputs: JsonObject;
  datasource_type: string;
-  datasource_info_list: Array<Record<string, unknown>>;
+  datasource_info_list: JsonObject[];
  start_node_id: string;
  is_published: boolean;
-  response_mode: "streaming" | "blocking";
+  response_mode: ResponseMode;
 };

-export type KnowledgeBaseResponse = Record<string, unknown>;
-export type PipelineStreamEvent = Record<string, unknown>;
+export type KnowledgeBaseResponse = JsonObject;
+export type PipelineStreamEvent = JsonObject;
+import type { JsonObject, ResponseMode } from "./common";
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/types/workflow.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/types/workflow.ts
@@ -1,12 +1,17 @@
-import type { StreamEvent } from "./common";
+import type {
+  DifyRequestFile,
+  JsonObject,
+  ResponseMode,
+  StreamEvent,
+} from "./common";

 export type WorkflowRunRequest = {
-  inputs?: Record<string, unknown>;
+  inputs?: JsonObject;
  user: string;
-  response_mode?: "blocking" | "streaming";
-  files?: Array<Record<string, unknown>> | null;
+  response_mode?: ResponseMode;
+  files?: DifyRequestFile[] | null;
 };

-export type WorkflowRunResponse = Record<string, unknown>;
+export type WorkflowRunResponse = JsonObject;

-export type WorkflowStreamEvent = StreamEvent<Record<string, unknown>>;
+export type WorkflowStreamEvent = StreamEvent<JsonObject>;
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/src/types/workspace.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/src/types/workspace.ts
@@ -1,2 +1,4 @@
+import type { JsonObject } from "./common";
+
 export type WorkspaceModelType = string;
-export type WorkspaceModelsResponse = Record<string, unknown>;
+export type WorkspaceModelsResponse = JsonObject;
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/tests/http.integration.test.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/tests/http.integration.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+import { createServer } from "node:http";
+import { Readable } from "node:stream";
+import type { AddressInfo } from "node:net";
+import { afterAll, beforeAll, describe, expect, it } from "vitest";
+import { HttpClient } from "../src/http/client";
+
+const readBody = async (stream: NodeJS.ReadableStream): Promise<Buffer> => {
+  const chunks: Buffer[] = [];
+  for await (const chunk of stream) {
+    chunks.push(Buffer.isBuffer(chunk) ? chunk : Buffer.from(chunk));
+  }
+  return Buffer.concat(chunks);
+};
+
+describe("HttpClient integration", () => {
+  const requests: Array<{
+    url: string;
+    method: string;
+    headers: Record<string, string | string[] | undefined>;
+    body: Buffer;
+  }> = [];
+
+  const server = createServer((req, res) => {
+    void (async () => {
+      const body = await readBody(req);
+      requests.push({
+        url: req.url ?? "",
+        method: req.method ?? "",
+        headers: req.headers,
+        body,
+      });
+
+      if (req.url?.startsWith("/json")) {
+        res.writeHead(200, { "content-type": "application/json", "x-request-id": "req-json" });
+        res.end(JSON.stringify({ ok: true }));
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (req.url === "/stream") {
+        res.writeHead(200, { "content-type": "text/event-stream" });
+        res.end('data: {"answer":"hello"}\n\ndata: {"delta":" world"}\n\n');
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (req.url === "/bytes") {
+        res.writeHead(200, { "content-type": "application/octet-stream" });
+        res.end(Buffer.from([1, 2, 3, 4]));
+        return;
+      }
+
+      if (req.url === "/upload-stream") {
+        res.writeHead(200, { "content-type": "application/json" });
+        res.end(JSON.stringify({ received: body.toString("utf8") }));
+        return;
+      }
+
+      res.writeHead(404, { "content-type": "application/json" });
+      res.end(JSON.stringify({ message: "not found" }));
+    })();
+  });
+
+  let client: HttpClient;
+
+  beforeAll(async () => {
+    await new Promise<void>((resolve) => {
+      server.listen(0, "127.0.0.1", () => resolve());
+    });
+    const address = server.address() as AddressInfo;
+    client = new HttpClient({
+      apiKey: "test-key",
+      baseUrl: `http://127.0.0.1:${address.port}`,
+      maxRetries: 0,
+      retryDelay: 0,
+    });
+  });
+
+  afterAll(async () => {
+    await new Promise<void>((resolve, reject) => {
+      server.close((error) => {
+        if (error) {
+          reject(error);
+          return;
+        }
+        resolve();
+      });
+    });
+  });
+
+  it("uses real fetch for query serialization and json bodies", async () => {
+    const response = await client.request({
+      method: "POST",
+      path: "/json",
+      query: { tag_ids: ["a", "b"], limit: 2 },
+      data: { user: "u" },
+    });
+
+    expect(response.requestId).toBe("req-json");
+    expect(response.data).toEqual({ ok: true });
+    expect(requests.at(-1)).toMatchObject({
+      url: "/json?tag_ids=a&tag_ids=b&limit=2",
+      method: "POST",
+    });
+    expect(requests.at(-1)?.headers.authorization).toBe("Bearer test-key");
+    expect(requests.at(-1)?.headers["content-type"]).toBe("application/json");
+    expect(requests.at(-1)?.body.toString("utf8")).toBe(JSON.stringify({ user: "u" }));
+  });
+
+  it("supports streaming request bodies with duplex fetch", async () => {
+    const response = await client.request<{ received: string }>({
+      method: "POST",
+      path: "/upload-stream",
+      data: Readable.from(["hello ", "world"]),
+    });
+
+    expect(response.data).toEqual({ received: "hello world" });
+    expect(requests.at(-1)?.body.toString("utf8")).toBe("hello world");
+  });
+
+  it("parses real sse responses into text", async () => {
+    const stream = await client.requestStream({
+      method: "GET",
+      path: "/stream",
+    });
+
+    await expect(stream.toText()).resolves.toBe("hello world");
+  });
+
+  it("parses real byte responses into buffers", async () => {
+    const response = await client.request<Buffer, "bytes">({
+      method: "GET",
+      path: "/bytes",
+      responseType: "bytes",
+    });
+
+    expect(Array.from(response.data.values())).toEqual([1, 2, 3, 4]);
+  });
+});
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/tests/test-utils.js
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/tests/test-utils.js
@@ -1,30 +0,0 @@
-import axios from "axios";
-import { vi } from "vitest";
-import { HttpClient } from "../src/http/client";
-
-export const createHttpClient = (configOverrides = {}) => {
-  const mockRequest = vi.fn();
-  vi.spyOn(axios, "create").mockReturnValue({ request: mockRequest });
-  const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test", ...configOverrides });
-  return { client, mockRequest };
-};
-
-export const createHttpClientWithSpies = (configOverrides = {}) => {
-  const { client, mockRequest } = createHttpClient(configOverrides);
-  const request = vi
-    .spyOn(client, "request")
-    .mockResolvedValue({ data: "ok", status: 200, headers: {} });
-  const requestStream = vi
-    .spyOn(client, "requestStream")
-    .mockResolvedValue({ data: null });
-  const requestBinaryStream = vi
-    .spyOn(client, "requestBinaryStream")
-    .mockResolvedValue({ data: null });
-  return {
-    client,
-    mockRequest,
-    request,
-    requestStream,
-    requestBinaryStream,
-  };
-};
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/tests/test-utils.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/tests/test-utils.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import { vi } from "vitest";
+import { HttpClient } from "../src/http/client";
+import type { DifyClientConfig, DifyResponse } from "../src/types/common";
+
+type FetchMock = ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>;
+type RequestSpy = ReturnType<typeof vi.fn>;
+
+type HttpClientWithFetchMock = {
+  client: HttpClient;
+  fetchMock: FetchMock;
+};
+
+type HttpClientWithSpies = HttpClientWithFetchMock & {
+  request: RequestSpy;
+  requestStream: RequestSpy;
+  requestBinaryStream: RequestSpy;
+};
+
+export const createHttpClient = (
+  configOverrides: Partial<DifyClientConfig> = {}
+): HttpClientWithFetchMock => {
+  const fetchMock = vi.fn();
+  vi.stubGlobal("fetch", fetchMock);
+  const client = new HttpClient({ apiKey: "test", ...configOverrides });
+  return { client, fetchMock };
+};
+
+export const createHttpClientWithSpies = (
+  configOverrides: Partial<DifyClientConfig> = {}
+): HttpClientWithSpies => {
+  const { client, fetchMock } = createHttpClient(configOverrides);
+  const request = vi
+    .spyOn(client, "request")
+    .mockResolvedValue({ data: "ok", status: 200, headers: {} } as DifyResponse<string>);
+  const requestStream = vi
+    .spyOn(client, "requestStream")
+    .mockResolvedValue({ data: null, status: 200, headers: {} } as never);
+  const requestBinaryStream = vi
+    .spyOn(client, "requestBinaryStream")
+    .mockResolvedValue({ data: null, status: 200, headers: {} } as never);
+  return {
+    client,
+    fetchMock,
+    request,
+    requestStream,
+    requestBinaryStream,
+  };
+};
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/tsconfig.json
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/tsconfig.json
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
    "target": "ES2022",
    "module": "ESNext",
    "moduleResolution": "Bundler",
-    "rootDir": "src",
+    "rootDir": ".",
    "outDir": "dist",
    "declaration": true,
    "declarationMap": true,
@@ -13,5 +13,5 @@
    "forceConsistentCasingInFileNames": true,
    "skipLibCheck": true
  },
-  "include": ["src/**/*.ts"]
+  "include": ["src/**/*.ts", "tests/**/*.ts"]
 }
--- a/sdks/nodejs-client/vitest.config.ts
+++ b/sdks/nodejs-client/vitest.config.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { defineConfig } from "vitest/config";
 export default defineConfig({
  test: {
    environment: "node",
-    include: ["**/*.test.js"],
+    include: ["**/*.test.ts"],
    coverage: {
      provider: "v8",
      reporter: ["text", "text-summary"],